获取上下文AndroidTestCase或InstrumentationTestCase在安卓Studio的单元测试功能 [英] Getting context in AndroidTestCase or InstrumentationTestCase in Android Studio's Unit Test feature
问题描述
我得到了我的一些与Android工作室1.1.0新的单元测试支持功能运行旧的测试。
当运行gradlew testDebug测试运行，但都需要一个背景下的测试失败，因为的getContext （AndroidTestCase）/ getInstrumentation.getContext（）（InstrumentationTestCase）都返回空值。
I got some of my old tests running with Android Studio 1.1.0's new unit test support feature.
When running gradlew testDebug the tests are run, but all of the tests that require a Context fail because getContext (AndroidTestCase) / getInstrumentation.getContext() (InstrumentationTestCase) both return null.
我该如何解决这个问题？
How can I solve this?
下面的两个变种我已经试过：
Here's two variants I've tried:
import android.content.Context;
import android.test.InstrumentationTestCase;
public class TestTest extends InstrumentationTestCase {
Context context;
public void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
context = getInstrumentation().getContext();
assertNotNull(context);
}
public void testSomething() {
assertEquals(false, true);
}
}
和
import android.content.Context;
import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
public class TestTest extends AndroidTestCase {
Context context;
public void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
context = getContext();
assertNotNull(context);
}
public void testSomething() {
assertEquals(false, true);
}
}
这是我的模块的 build.gradle ：
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 22
buildToolsVersion "22.0.0"
testOptions {
unitTests.returnDefaultValues = true
}
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.example.test.penistest"
minSdkVersion 15
targetSdkVersion 22
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.0.0'
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
}
这里的 build.gradle 项目：
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.1.3'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
}
编辑：我测试过的所有升级到AS 1.1.0之前就跑上的设备/仿真器
My tests all worked before upgrading to AS 1.1.0 and ran on a device / emulator.
编辑：
2的继承人截图失败InstrumentationTestCase和AndroidTestCase的：
Heres 2 screenshots of failing InstrumentationTestCase and AndroidTestCase:
推荐答案
我得到这些的工作没有部署到设备。将在测试中的 / src目录/主/测试/ 文件夹。
Updated - Newer Examples:
I got these working without deploying to a device. Put the tests in the /src/main/test/ folder.
下面是较新的例子，我把你的例子，在我自己的临时测试项目测试它们。我跑的测试通过命令行： ./ gradlew干净的测试。请在这里阅读更多：<一href="https://sites.google.com/a/android.com/tools/tech-docs/unit-testing-support">https://sites.google.com/a/android.com/tools/tech-docs/unit-testing-support.
Here are newer examples, I took your examples and tested them in my own temporary test project. I ran the tests via command line: ./gradlew clean test. Please read more here: https://sites.google.com/a/android.com/tools/tech-docs/unit-testing-support.
顶 build.gradle ：
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.1.3'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
}
应用 build.gradle ：
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 22
buildToolsVersion "22.0.0"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.test"
minSdkVersion 9
targetSdkVersion 22
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
testOptions { // <-- You need this
unitTests {
returnDefaultValues = true
}
}
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.0.0'
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12' // <-- You need this
}
基本测试：
InstrumentationTestCaseTest 测试上下文和断言。
import android.content.Context;
import android.test.InstrumentationTestCase;
import android.test.mock.MockContext;
public class InstrumentationTestCaseTest extends InstrumentationTestCase {
Context context;
public void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
context = new MockContext();
assertNotNull(context);
}
public void testSomething() {
assertEquals(false, true);
}
}
ActivityTestCase 来测试你的资源。
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.test.ActivityTestCase;
public class ActivityTestCaseTest extends ActivityTestCase {
public void testFoo() {
Context testContext = getInstrumentation().getContext();
Resources testRes = testContext.getResources();
assertNotNull(testRes);
assertNotNull(testRes.getString(R.string.app_name));
}
}
AndroidTestCase 测试上下文和断言。
import android.content.Context;
import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
import android.test.mock.MockContext;
public class AndroidTestCaseTest extends AndroidTestCase {
Context context;
public void setUp() throws Exception {
super.setUp();
context = new MockContext();
setContext(context);
assertNotNull(context);
}
// Fake failed test
public void testSomething() {
assertEquals(false, true);
}
}
谷歌搜索旧的例子：
谷歌搜索了很多回合这个错误后，我相信你的选择是使用 getInstrumentation（）的getContext（）。getResources（）。openRawResource（R.raw.your_res）。或以测试你的资源类似的东西。
Googling Old Examples:
After Googling a lot bout this error, I believe your bet is to use getInstrumentation().getContext().getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.your_res). or something similar in order to test your resources.
测试资源：
public class PrintoutPullParserTest extends InstrumentationTestCase {
public void testParsing() throws Exception {
PrintoutPullParser parser = new PrintoutPullParser();
parser.parse(getInstrumentation().getContext().getResources().getXml(R.xml.printer_configuration));
}
}
来源： http://stackoverflow.com/a/8870318/950427 和的http://stackoverflow.com/a/16763196/950427
测试资源：
public class Test extends ActivityTestCase {
public void testFoo() {
// .. test project environment
Context testContext = getInstrumentation().getContext();
Resources testRes = testContext.getResources();
InputStream ts = testRes.openRawResource(R.raw.your_res);
assertNotNull(testRes);
}
}
来源： http://stackoverflow.com/a/9820390/950427
获取上下文（一个简单的黑客）：
Getting the Context (a simple hack):
private Context getTestContext() {
try {
Method getTestContext = ServiceTestCase.class.getMethod("getTestContext");
return (Context) getTestContext.invoke(this);
} catch (final Exception exception) {
exception.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
来源： http://stackoverflow.com/a/14232913/950427
不过，如果你看一个源$ C $ AndroidTestCase 的C，它看起来像你需要设置一个上下文自己：
But, if you look a the source code of AndroidTestCase, it looks like you need to set a Context yourself:
来源：<一href="http://alvinalexander.com/java/jwarehouse/android/core/java/android/test/AndroidTestCase.java.shtml">http://alvinalexander.com/java/jwarehouse/android/core/java/android/test/AndroidTestCase.java.shtml
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