在SQL Server视图中有效地将行转换为列 [英] Efficiently convert rows to columns in SQL Server view

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问题描述

我有3个表格: testpackage testpackageReport testpackagereportdetail 有这样的结构:





使用此查询

  SELECT 
dbo。 TestPackages.PackageNumber,dbo.TestPackages.Size,
dbo.TestPackages.Code,dbo.TestPackageReports.ReportNumber,
dbo.TestPackageReportDetails.Step,dbo.TestPackageReportDetails.Status,
dbo.TestPackageReports。 SubmitDateTime,
dbo.TestPackageReportDetails.Id AS ReportDetailId
FROM
dbo.TestPackages
INNER JOIN
dbo.TestPackageReportDetails ON dbo.TestPackages.Id = dbo.TestPackageReportDetails.TestPackageId
INNER JOIN
dbo.TestPackageReports ON dbo.TestPackageReportDetails.TestPackageReportId = dbo.TestPackageReports.Id

结果是这样的:

  PackageNumber大小代码ReportNumber步骤状态SubmitDateTime ReportDetailId 
1000220-G-02-TR 1.31 143 LC-0431 LineCheck拒绝2010-12-12 218
1000220-G- 02-TR 1.31 143 LC-0131 LineCheck接受2011-12-12 220
1000220-G-02-TR 1.31 143 PT-0248测试接受2012-12-12 513
1000220-G-02- TR 1.31 143 DR-0202干燥接受2013-12-12 625
1000220-G-02-TR 1.31 143 AFP-AG-FL-0030冲洗接受2015-12-12 745

但是我需要像这样只显示一行数据:

  PackageNumber大小代码LineCheckReportNumber LineCheckStep LineCheckStatus linecheckSubmitDateTime ReportDetailId tesReportNumber testCheckStep testStatus testSubmitDateTime ReportDetailId 

1000220-G-02-TR 1.31 143 LC-0431 LineCheck Acc ept 2011-12-12 220 PT-0248测试接受2012-12-12 513

对于嘈杂的数据在预期的结果,我删除干燥和冲洗柱。正如你所看到的,我需要将所有这些记录显示为一行,另一个重要的是具有最大值 ReportDetailId 的数据,它接受 因为每个 testpackage 可以有多个 linecheck test code>或 flsuhing 烘干报告

样本数据:

TestpackageTable
$ b


TestpackageReport





Testpackagereportdetail





我使用实体框架编写查询,就像你看到的那样,但速度很慢:

  from _ctx.TestPackages 
join testpack reportdet在i.Id的_ctx.TestPackageReportDetails等于
testpackreportdet.TestPackageId
将testPackageRepo加入_ctx.TestPackageReports on testpackreportdet.TestPackageReportId将testPackageRepo.Id加入g1
from y1 in g1.DefaultIfEmpty()
group new {y1,testpackreportdet} by new {i}
分组
让MaxLinecheck = grouping.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
.Where(item => item!= null&& item.Step ==LineCheck)
.OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)$ b $ (item => item!= null&& item.Step ==Clean)$ b (item => item.Id)

让MaxTest = grouping.Select null&& item.Step ==Test)
.OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)

让MaxFlush = grouping.Select(item => item。 (item => item.Id)
$(其中item => item!= null&& item.Step ==Flushing)
.OrderByDescending (item => item!= null&& item.Step ==Drying)
.OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)

let MaxReins = grouping.Select(item => ite m.testpackreportdet)
.Where(item => item!= null&& item.Step ==Reinstatment)
.OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)

让MaxMono = grouping.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
.Where(item => item!= null&& item.Step ==Mono)
.OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)

让MaxPAD = iteming.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
.Where(item => item!= null&& item.Step ==PADTest)
.OrderByDescending(item = > item.Id)

让MaxVariation = grouping.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
.Where(item => item!= null&& item)。 Step ==Variation)
.OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)
选择新的ViewDomainClass.TechnicalOffice.ViewTestPackageState()
{
Id = grouping.Key。 i.Id,
PackageNumber = grouping.Key.i.PackageNumber,
Size = grouping.Key.i.Size.ToString(),
Code = grouping.Key.i.Code,
TestPackageOrder = grouping.Key.i.TestPackageOrder,
LineCheckState = MaxLinecheck.FirstOrDefault()。Status,
LineCheckSubmitDateTime =
grouping.Where(
i => i.y1.Id == MaxLinecheck.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
LineCheckReportNumber =
grouping.Where(
i => i.y1.Id == MaxLinecheck.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.ReportNumber,
CleaningState = MaxClean.FirstOrDefault() .Status,
CleanSubmitDateTime =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxClean.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1 .SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
CleanReportNumber =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxClean.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.ReportNumber,
TestState = MaxTest.FirstOrDefault()。Status,
TestSubmitDateTime =
gro其中(i => i.y1.Id == MaxTest.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
TestReportNumber =
grouping.Where( i => i.y1.Id == MaxTest.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.ReportNumber,

Drying = MaxDrying.FirstOrDefault( ).Status,
DryingSubmitDateTime =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxDrying.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
。 y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
DryingReportNumber =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxDrying.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.ReportNumber,
Flushing = MaxFlush.FirstOrDefault()。Status,
FlushingSubmitDateTime =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id = = MaxFlush.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
FlushingReportNumber =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxFlush.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.ReportNumber,
ReInstatement = MaxReins.FirstOrDefault()。Status,
ReInstatementSubmitDateTime =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxReins.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
ReInstatementReportNumber =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxReins.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.ReportNumber,
Mono = MaxMono.FirstOrDefault()。Status,
MonoSubmitDateTime =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxMono.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
MonoReportNumber =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1。 Id == MaxMono.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.ReportNumber,
Variation = MaxVariation.FirstOrDefault()。Status,
VariationSubmitDateTime =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxVariation.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
VariationReportNumber =
grouping.Where( i => i.y1.Id == MaxVariation.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.ReportNumber,
PAD = MaxPAD.FirstOrDefault()。Status,
PADSubmitDateTime =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxPAD.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
.y1.SubmitDateTime。 ToString(),
PADReportNumber =
grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxPAD.FirstOrDefault()。TestPackageReportId)
.FirstOrDefault()
。 y1.ReportNumber
})。ToList();


解决方案

您需要pivoting和动态SQL。我建议把你的查询输出放到临时表中,然后使用它:

  USE YourDatabase  - 使用你的数据库

SELECT TP.PackageNumber,
TP.Size,
TP.Code,
R.ReportNumber,
RD.Step,
RD。 [Status],
R.SubmitDateTime,
RD.Id AS ReportDetailId
INTO #temporary - 它将自动创建带结果的临时表
FROM dbo.TestPackages TP
INNER JOIN dbo.TestPackageReportDetails RD
ON TP.Id = RD.TestPackageId
INNER JOIN dbo.TestPackageReports R
ON RD.TestPackageReportId = R.Id

使用tempdb - 切换到tempdb

使用TIES *选择顶部1 #temp
从#temporary
ORDER BY ROW_NUMBER()OVER(PARTITION BY PackageNumber,Size,Code,步骤ORDER BY ReportDetailId DESC)
- 在这里我们只得到了包含PackageNumber,Size,Code,Step的最大ReportDetailID的行

DROP TABLE #temporary - 删除#temporary,现在我们使用#temp

DECLARE @pvt_columns nvarchar(max), - 存储用于摆动的列
@unpvt_columns nvarchar(max), - - 存储将被转换为1数据类型以便转换的列
@columns nvarchar(max), - 列逗号分隔
@sql nvarchar(max) - 存储查询以运行

SELECT @pvt_columns = COALESCE(@pvt_columns,'')+','+ QUOTENAME(Step + name)
FROM(
SELECT name
FROM sys.columns
WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'#temp')
并且名称不在('PackageNumber','Size','Code','Step')
)名称
CROSS JOIN(
SELECT DISTINCT步骤
FROM #temp
)步骤


SELECT @unpvt_columns = COALESCE(@unpvt_columns,'')+',CAST('+ QUOTENAME(name)+'as nvarchar(max))'+ QUOTENAME(name),
@columns = COALESCE(@columns,'')+','+ QUOTENAME(name)
FROM sys。列
W (''PackageNumber','Size','Code','Step')

SELECT @sql = N'
SELECT *
FROM(
SELECT PackageNumber,
Size,
Code,
Step + [Columns] as [Columns],
[Values ]
FROM(
)选择PackageNumber,
大小,
Code,
Step'+ @ unpvt_columns +'
FROM #temp)t
UNPIVOT (
[Values] FOR [Columns] IN('+ STUFF(@ columns,1,1,'')+')
)unpvt
)p
PIVOT($ ('+ STUFF(@ pvt_columns,1,1,'')+')
)pvt'

中的[Columns]的b $ b MAX([Values])EXEC sp_executesql @ sql

DROP TABLE #temp

输出:

  PackageNumber大小代码DryingReportDetailId DryingReportNumber DryingStatus DryingSubmitDateTime FlushingReportD etailId FlushingReportNumber FlushingStatus FlushingSubmitDateTime LineCheckReportDetailId LineCheckReportNumber LineCheckStatus LineCheckSubmitDateTime TestReportDetailId TestReportNumber TestStatus TestSubmitDateTime 
1000220-G-02-TR 1,31 143 625 DR-0202接受2013-12-12 745 AFP-AG-FL-0030接受2015-12- 12 220 LC-0131接受2011-12-12 513 PT-0248接受2012-12-12

您可以使用 SELECT 变量查看存储在其中的内容, PRINT @sql 可查看查询的全文。

I have 3 tables: testpackage, testpackageReport, testpackagereportdetail with this structure:

With this query

SELECT        
    dbo.TestPackages.PackageNumber, dbo.TestPackages.Size, 
    dbo.TestPackages.Code, dbo.TestPackageReports.ReportNumber,   
    dbo.TestPackageReportDetails.Step, dbo.TestPackageReportDetails.Status, 
    dbo.TestPackageReports.SubmitDateTime, 
    dbo.TestPackageReportDetails.Id AS ReportDetailId
FROM
    dbo.TestPackages 
INNER JOIN
    dbo.TestPackageReportDetails ON dbo.TestPackages.Id = dbo.TestPackageReportDetails.TestPackageId 
INNER JOIN
    dbo.TestPackageReports ON dbo.TestPackageReportDetails.TestPackageReportId = dbo.TestPackageReports.Id

The result is this:

PackageNumber   Size    Code    ReportNumber    Step        Status  SubmitDateTime  ReportDetailId
1000220-G-02-TR 1.31    143     LC-0431         LineCheck   Reject  2010-12-12     218
1000220-G-02-TR 1.31    143     LC-0131         LineCheck   Accept  2011-12-12     220
1000220-G-02-TR 1.31    143     PT-0248         Test        Accept  2012-12-12     513
1000220-G-02-TR 1.31    143     DR-0202         Drying      Accept  2013-12-12     625
1000220-G-02-TR 1.31    143     AFP-AG-FL-0030  Flushing    Accept  2015-12-12     745

But I need to show this data just in one row like this:

 PackageNumber   Size   Code    LineCheckReportNumber   LineCheckStep       LineCheckStatus linecheckSubmitDateTime ReportDetailId      tesReportNumber testCheckStep       testStatus  testSubmitDateTime  ReportDetailId

1000220-G-02-TR 1.31   143             LC-0431          LineCheck                Accept       2011-12-12              220                      PT-0248        Test               Accept       2012-12-12              513

For noisy data in the expected result I remove drying and flushing columns. As you can see I need all this records to be shown as a one row, another this that is important is the data with maximum ReportDetailId that is accepted because every testpackage can have multi linecheck or test or flsuhing or drying reports

Sample data:

TestpackageTable

TestpackageReport

Testpackagereportdetail

I write the query using entity framework as you can see but it is very slow :

from i in _ctx.TestPackages
join testpackreportdet in _ctx.TestPackageReportDetails on i.Id equals
    testpackreportdet.TestPackageId
join testPackageRepo in _ctx.TestPackageReports on testpackreportdet.TestPackageReportId equals testPackageRepo.Id into g1
from y1 in g1.DefaultIfEmpty()
group new { y1, testpackreportdet } by new { i }
into grouping
let MaxLinecheck = grouping.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
    .Where(item => item != null && item.Step == "LineCheck")
    .OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)

let MaxClean = grouping.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
    .Where(item => item != null && item.Step == "Clean")
    .OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)

let MaxTest = grouping.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
    .Where(item => item != null && item.Step == "Test")
    .OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)

let MaxFlush = grouping.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
    .Where(item => item != null && item.Step == "Flushing")
    .OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)

let MaxDrying = grouping.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
    .Where(item => item != null && item.Step == "Drying")
    .OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)

let MaxReins = grouping.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
    .Where(item => item != null && item.Step == "Reinstatment")
    .OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)

let MaxMono = grouping.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
 .Where(item => item != null && item.Step == "Mono")
 .OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)

let MaxPAD = grouping.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
 .Where(item => item != null && item.Step == "PADTest")
 .OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)

let MaxVariation = grouping.Select(item => item.testpackreportdet)
 .Where(item => item != null && item.Step == "Variation")
 .OrderByDescending(item => item.Id)
    select new ViewDomainClass.TechnicalOffice.ViewTestPackageState()
    {
        Id = grouping.Key.i.Id,
        PackageNumber = grouping.Key.i.PackageNumber,
        Size = grouping.Key.i.Size.ToString(),
        Code = grouping.Key.i.Code,
        TestPackageOrder = grouping.Key.i.TestPackageOrder,
        LineCheckState = MaxLinecheck.FirstOrDefault().Status,
        LineCheckSubmitDateTime =
            grouping.Where(
                i => i.y1.Id == MaxLinecheck.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
        LineCheckReportNumber =
            grouping.Where(
                i => i.y1.Id == MaxLinecheck.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.ReportNumber,
        CleaningState = MaxClean.FirstOrDefault().Status,
        CleanSubmitDateTime =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxClean.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
        CleanReportNumber =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxClean.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.ReportNumber,
        TestState = MaxTest.FirstOrDefault().Status,
        TestSubmitDateTime =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxTest.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
        TestReportNumber =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxTest.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.ReportNumber,

        Drying = MaxDrying.FirstOrDefault().Status,
        DryingSubmitDateTime =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxDrying.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
        DryingReportNumber =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxDrying.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.ReportNumber,
        Flushing = MaxFlush.FirstOrDefault().Status,
        FlushingSubmitDateTime =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxFlush.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
        FlushingReportNumber =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxFlush.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.ReportNumber,
        ReInstatement = MaxReins.FirstOrDefault().Status,
        ReInstatementSubmitDateTime =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxReins.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
        ReInstatementReportNumber =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxReins.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.ReportNumber,
        Mono = MaxMono.FirstOrDefault().Status,
        MonoSubmitDateTime =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxMono.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
        MonoReportNumber =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxMono.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.ReportNumber,
        Variation = MaxVariation.FirstOrDefault().Status,
        VariationSubmitDateTime =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxVariation.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
        VariationReportNumber =
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxVariation.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.ReportNumber,
        PAD = MaxPAD.FirstOrDefault().Status,
        PADSubmitDateTime = 
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxPAD.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.SubmitDateTime.ToString(),
        PADReportNumber = 
            grouping.Where(i => i.y1.Id == MaxPAD.FirstOrDefault().TestPackageReportId)
                .FirstOrDefault()
                .y1.ReportNumber
}).ToList();

解决方案

You need pivoting and dynamic SQL. I would suggest to put output of your query into temporary table and then work with it:

USE YourDatabase --Use your database

SELECT  TP.PackageNumber,
        TP.Size, 
        TP.Code, 
        R.ReportNumber,   
        RD.Step, 
        RD.[Status], 
        R.SubmitDateTime, 
        RD.Id AS ReportDetailId
INTO #temporary --it will automatically create #temporary table with results
FROM dbo.TestPackages TP
INNER JOIN dbo.TestPackageReportDetails RD
    ON TP.Id = RD.TestPackageId 
INNER JOIN dbo.TestPackageReports R
    ON RD.TestPackageReportId = R.Id

USE tempdb --switch to tempdb

SELECT TOP 1 WITH TIES * INTO #temp
FROM #temporary
ORDER BY ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY PackageNumber, Size, Code, Step ORDER BY ReportDetailId DESC) 
--Here we get only rows with maximum ReportDetailID over PackageNumber, Size, Code, Step

DROP TABLE #temporary --get rid of #temporary, now we use #temp

DECLARE @pvt_columns nvarchar(max), --to store columns for pivoting
        @unpvt_columns nvarchar(max), --to store columns that will be converted into 1 datatype for unpivoting
        @columns nvarchar(max), -- columns comma separated
        @sql nvarchar(max) --store query to run

SELECT @pvt_columns = COALESCE(@pvt_columns,'') + ','+QUOTENAME(Step+name)
FROM (
    SELECT name
    FROM sys.columns 
    WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'#temp')
    AND name not in ('PackageNumber','Size','Code','Step')
) names
CROSS JOIN (
    SELECT DISTINCT Step
    FROM #temp
    ) steps


SELECT  @unpvt_columns = COALESCE(@unpvt_columns,'')+',CAST('+QUOTENAME(name)+' as nvarchar(max)) '+QUOTENAME(name),
        @columns = COALESCE(@columns,'') + ','+QUOTENAME(name)
FROM sys.columns 
WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'#temp')
AND name not in ('PackageNumber','Size','Code','Step')

SELECT @sql = N'
SELECT *
FROM (
    SELECT  PackageNumber,
            Size,
            Code,
            Step+[Columns] as [Columns],
            [Values]
    FROM (
        SELECT  PackageNumber,
                Size,
                Code,
                Step'+@unpvt_columns+'
        FROM #temp) t
    UNPIVOT (
        [Values] FOR [Columns] IN ('+STUFF(@columns,1,1,'')+')
    ) unpvt
    ) p
PIVOT (
    MAX([Values]) FOR [Columns] in ('+STUFF(@pvt_columns,1,1,'')+')
) pvt'

EXEC sp_executesql @sql

DROP TABLE #temp

Output:

PackageNumber   Size    Code    DryingReportDetailId    DryingReportNumber  DryingStatus    DryingSubmitDateTime    FlushingReportDetailId  FlushingReportNumber    FlushingStatus  FlushingSubmitDateTime  LineCheckReportDetailId LineCheckReportNumber   LineCheckStatus LineCheckSubmitDateTime TestReportDetailId  TestReportNumber    TestStatus  TestSubmitDateTime
1000220-G-02-TR 1,31    143     625                     DR-0202             Accept          2013-12-12              745                     AFP-AG-FL-0030          Accept          2015-12-12              220                     LC-0131                 Accept          2011-12-12              513                 PT-0248             Accept      2012-12-12

You can SELECT variables to see what is stored in them, and PRINT @sql to see the full text of query.

这篇关于在SQL Server视图中有效地将行转换为列的文章就介绍到这了,希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持IT屋!

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