Heroku和Rails：使用Postgres的Gem加载错误，但是它在GEMFILE中指定 [英] Heroku and Rails: Gem Load Error with Postgres, however it is Specified in GEMFILE

问题描述

所以我试图部署一个小项目到Heroku，但是当我部署它并试图运行 heroku运行rake db：migrate 时，它返回了以下错误：

  rake中止！ 
 Gem :: LoadError：为数据库适配器指定'postgresql'，但未加载该gem。将`gem'pg'`添加到您的Gemfile中（并确保其版本处于ActiveRecord所要求的最低限度）。 
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:177:in`rescue in spec'
 / app / vendor / bundle / ruby​​ / 2.2.0 / gems / activerecord-4.2.6 / lib / active_record / connection_adapters / connection_specification.rb：174：在`spec'中
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0 /gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:50:in` establish_connection'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/ active_record / railtie.rb：120：在< class：Railtie>'块（2级）中'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/ active_support / lazy_load_hooks.rb：38：in`instance_eval'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in`execute_hook '
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:28:in'block in on_load'
 / app / vendor /bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/acti ve_support / lazy_load_hooks.rb：27：在`each'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in`on_load '
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:116:in`block in< class：Railtie>'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in`instance_exec'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2 .0 / gems / railties-4.2.6 / lib / rails / initializable.rb：30：在`run'中
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/ lib / rails / initializable.rb：55：在`run_initializers'块中
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54 ：在`run_initializers'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in`initialize！'
 / app / config / environment.rb：5：在< top（required）>'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/ dependencies.rb：274：在'require'中
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in`block in require'
 / app / vendor / bundle / ruby​​ / 2.2.0 / gems / activesupport-4.2.6 / lib / active_support / dependencies.rb：240：在`load_dependency'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport -4.2.6 / lib / active_support / dependencies.rb：274：在'require'中
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application。 rb：328：在`require_environment！'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application.rb:457:in`block in run_tasks_blocks' 
 Gem :: LoadError：pg不是捆绑包的一部分。将它添加到Gemfile。 
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/bundler-1.11.2/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:304:in`block in replace_gem'
 / app / vendor / bundle / ruby​​ / 2.2.0 / gems / activerecord-4.2.6 / lib / active_record / connection_adapters / postgresql_adapter.rb：16：在'< top（required）>'
 / app / vendor / ruby / 2.2.0 / gems / activesupport-4.2.6 / lib / active_support / dependencies.rb：274：在'require'中
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2 .6 / lib / active_support / dependencies.rb：274：在`block in require'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies中。 rb：240：在`load_dependency'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in`require'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:175:in`spec'
 / app / vendor / bundle / ruby /2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:50:in`esta blish_connection'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:120:in`block< class（2 levels）in< class：Railtie> ;'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in`instance_eval'
 / app / vendor / bundle / ruby​​ / 2.2.0 / gems / activesupport-4.2.6 / lib / active_support / lazy_load_hooks.rb：38：在`execute_hook'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport -4.2.6 / lib / active_support / lazy_load_hooks.rb：28：在`block in onload'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/ lazy_load_hooks.rb：27：在`each'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in`on_load'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:116:in`block in< class：Railtie>'
 / app / vendor / bundle / ruby​​ / 2.2.0 / gems / railties-4.2.6 / lib / rails / initializable.rb：30：在`instance_exec'
 / app / vendor / bundle / ruby​​ / 2.2.0 / gems / railties-4.2.6 / lib / rails / initializable.rb：30：在`run'中
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0 /gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in`run_initializers中的块'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/ lib / rails / initializable.rb：54：在`run_initializers'中
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize！'
 /app/config/environment.rb:5:in`< top（required）>'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport -4.2.6 / lib / active_support / dependencies.rb：274：在'require'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies中。 rb：274：在`block in require'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in`load_dependency'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in`require'
 / app / vendor / bundle / ruby /2.2.0/gems/rai lties-4.2.6 / lib / rails / application.rb：328：在`require_environment！'
 /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/ application.rb：457：在`block in run_tasks_blocks'
 Tasks：TOP => db：migrate =>环境
（通过使用--trace运行任务查看完整跟踪）
  

我可以看到我需要在我的gem文件中加载 pg gem的第一行，但是我已经将它加载到生产组中并通过 bundle 。这是我的 GEMFILE ：

  source'https：// ruby​​gems。 org'
＃Bundle edge Rails改为：gem'rails'，github：'rails / rails'
 gem'rails'，'4.2.6'
 gem'sass-rails'，' 〜> 5.0'
 gem'uglifier'，'> = 1.3.0'
 gem'coffee-rails'，'〜> 4.1.0'
 gem'jquery-rails'
 gem'turbolinks'
 gem'jbuilder'，'〜> 2.0'
 gem'sdoc'，'〜> 0.4.0'，group：：doc 
 gem'devise'，'〜> 3.5'，'> = 3.5.6'
 gem'paperclip'，'〜> 4.3'，'> = 4.3.6'
 gem'materialize-sass'
 gemfont-awesome-rails
 gem'bootstrap-sass'，'〜> 3.2.0'
 gem'autoprefixer-rails'
 gem'ratyrate'
 
 group：development，：test do 
 gem'byebug'
 end 
 
 group：development do 
 gem'web-console'，'〜> 2.0'
 gem'spring'
 end 
 
 group：development do 
 gem'sqlite3'
 end 
 
 group：生产do 
 gem'pg'
 gem'rails_12factor'
 end 
  

<在发布这个问题之前，我已经阅读了相同问题的答案（耙关于数据库适配器与database.yml不一致， rake中止！Gem :: LoadError：为数据库适配器指定'postgresql'， Gem :: LoadError：为数据库适配器指定'postgresql'，但该gem未加载）使用那里的答案，错误仍然发生。

感谢您的帮助:)

解决方案

尝试在生产环境中编写pg，捆绑，使用gemlock，gemfile和推送代码将代码提交给heroku，然后再次尝试

So I am trying to deploy a small project to Heroku, however when I deployed it and tried to run heroku run rake db:migrate it returned me the following error:

rake aborted!
Gem::LoadError: Specified 'postgresql' for database adapter, but the gem is not loaded. Add `gem 'pg'` to your Gemfile (and ensure its version is at the minimum required by ActiveRecord).
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:177:in `rescue in spec'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:174:in `spec'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:50:in `establish_connection'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:120:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `instance_eval'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `execute_hook'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:28:in `block in on_load'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in `each'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in `on_load'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:116:in `block in <class:Railtie>'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!'
/app/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application.rb:328:in `require_environment!'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application.rb:457:in `block in run_tasks_blocks'
Gem::LoadError: pg is not part of the bundle. Add it to Gemfile.
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/bundler-1.11.2/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:304:in `block in replace_gem'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:16:in `<top (required)>'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/connection_specification.rb:175:in `spec'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:50:in `establish_connection'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:120:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `instance_eval'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:38:in `execute_hook'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:28:in `block in on_load'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in `each'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:27:in `on_load'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:116:in `block in <class:Railtie>'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!'
/app/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application.rb:328:in `require_environment!'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.2.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application.rb:457:in `block in run_tasks_blocks'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate => environment
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

I can see from the first line that I need to load the pg gem in my gem file, however I already have it loaded in the production group and installed through bundle. Here is my GEMFILE:

source 'https://rubygems.org'
# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '4.2.6'
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.1.0'
gem 'jquery-rails'
gem 'turbolinks'
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.0'
gem 'sdoc', '~> 0.4.0', group: :doc
gem 'devise', '~> 3.5', '>= 3.5.6'
gem 'paperclip', '~> 4.3', '>= 4.3.6'
gem 'materialize-sass'
gem "font-awesome-rails"
gem 'bootstrap-sass', '~> 3.2.0'
gem 'autoprefixer-rails'
gem 'ratyrate'

group :development, :test do
    gem 'byebug'
end

group :development do
  gem 'web-console', '~> 2.0'
  gem 'spring'
end

group :development do
  gem 'sqlite3'
end

group :production do
  gem 'pg'
  gem 'rails_12factor'
end

Before posting this question I have read the answers to the same question (rake about database adapter inconsistent with database.yml, rake aborted! Gem::LoadError: Specified 'postgresql' for database adapter, Gem::LoadError: Specified 'postgresql' for database adapter, but the gem is not loaded) using the answers there, the error still occurred.

Thanks for helping :)

解决方案

Try to write pg outside production, bundle, commit ur code with gemlock,gemfile and push code to heroku then try again

这篇关于Heroku和Rails：使用Postgres的Gem加载错误，但是它在GEMFILE中指定的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！