URI，URL和URN有什么区别？ [英] What is the difference between URI, URL and URN?
问题描述
URI，URL和URN之间有什么区别？我已经阅读了很多网站（甚至维基百科），但我不明白。
What's the difference between an URI, URL and URN? I have read a lot of sites (even Wikipedia) but I don't understand it.
URI： http://www.foo.com/bar.html
网址： http://www.foo.com/bar.html
URN：bar.html
URI: http://www.foo.com/bar.html
URL: http://www.foo.com/bar.html
URN: bar.html
这是正确的吗？
推荐答案
统一资源标识符（ URI ）是用于标识Internet上的名称或资源的字符串
Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a string of characters used to identify a name or a resource on the Internet
URI按位置或名称或两者标识资源。 URI有两种称为URL和URN的特殊化。
A URI identifies a resource either by location, or a name, or both. A URI has two specializations known as URL and URN.
统一资源定位器（ URL ）是统一资源标识符（URI）的子集，它指定了已识别资源的可用位置以及检索它的机制。 URL定义了如何获取资源。它不必是HTTP URL（http：//），URL也可以是（ftp：//）或（smb：//）。
A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a subset of the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) that specifies where an identified resource is available and the mechanism for retrieving it. A URL defines how the resource can be obtained. It does not have to be HTTP URL (http://), a URL can also be (ftp://) or (smb://).
A统一资源名称（ URN ）是使用URN方案的统一资源标识符（URI），并不意味着已识别资源的可用性。 URN（名称）和URL（定位符）都是URI，特定URI可以同时是名称和定位器。
A Uniform Resource Name (URN) is a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) that uses the URN scheme, and does not imply availability of the identified resource. Both URNs (names) and URLs (locators) are URIs, and a particular URI may be both a name and a locator at the same time.
URN是一个更大的互联网信息架构，由URN，URC和URL组成。
The URNs are part of a larger Internet information architecture which is composed of URNs, URCs and URLs.
bar.html不是URN 。 URN类似于人名，而URL就像街道地址。 URN定义了某些东西的身份，而URL则提供了一个位置。基本上，什么与何处。 URN必须是这种形式< URN> :: =urn：< NID> ：< NSS> 其中< NID> 是命名空间标识符，< NSS> 是命名空间特定字符串。
bar.html is not a URN. A URN is similar to a person's name, while a URL is like a street address. The URN defines something's identity, while the URL provides a location. Essentially, "what" vs. "where". A URN has to be of this form <URN> ::= "urn:" <NID> ":" <NSS> where <NID> is the Namespace Identifier, and <NSS> is the Namespace Specific String.
换一种说法：
- URL是一个标识资源的URI，还提供了通过描述访问资源的方式来查找资源的方法
- 网址是URI
- URI不一定是网址
我要说的唯一让它100％清晰的事情就是拥有一个不是URL的URI示例。我们可以使用 RFC3986 中的示例：
I'd say the only thing left to make it 100% clear would be to have an example of an URI that is not an URL. We can use the examples in the RFC3986:
URL: ftp://ftp.is.co.za/rfc/rfc1808.txt
URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt
URL: ldap://[2001:db8::7]/c=GB?objectClass?one
URL: mailto:John.Doe@example.com
URL: news:comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix
URL: telnet://192.0.2.16:80/
URN (not URL): urn:oasis:names:specification:docbook:dtd:xml:4.1.2
URN (not URL): tel:+1-816-555-1212 (?)
同时检查一下 - https://quintupledev.wordpress.com/2016/02/29/difference-between-uri-url-and-urn/
Also check this out - https://quintupledev.wordpress.com/2016/02/29/difference-between-uri-url-and-urn/
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