单个窗口中的多个数字 [英] Multiple figures in a single window

问题描述

我想创建一个功能，在一个窗口中在屏幕上绘制一组图形。到现在为止我编写了这段代码：

I want to create a function which plot on screen a set of figures in a single window. By now I write this code:

import pylab as pl

def plot_figures(figures):
    """Plot a dictionary of figures.

    Parameters
    ----------
    figures : <title, figure> dictionary

    """
    for title in figures:
        pl.figure()
        pl.imshow(figures[title])
        pl.gray()
        pl.title(title)
        pl.axis('off')

它工作得很好，但我想有选择在单一窗口中绘制所有数字。而这段代码没有。我读了一些关于subplot的内容，但看起来很棘手。

It works perfectly but I would like to have the option for plotting all the figures in single window. And this code doesn't. I read something about subplot but it looks quite tricky.

推荐答案

你可以根据 subplots 命令（注意 s 最后，不同于 matplotlib.pyplot 的 matplotlib.pyplot 指定的子图命令。

You can define a function based on the subplots command (note the s at the end, different from the subplot command pointed by urinieto) of matplotlib.pyplot.

以下是基于您的此类函数的示例，允许在图中绘制多个轴。您可以在图布局中定义所需的行数和列数。

Below is an example of such a function, based on yours, allowing to plot multiples axes in a figure. You can define the number of rows and columns you want in the figure layout.

def plot_figures(figures, nrows = 1, ncols=1):
    """Plot a dictionary of figures.

    Parameters
    ----------
    figures : <title, figure> dictionary
    ncols : number of columns of subplots wanted in the display
    nrows : number of rows of subplots wanted in the figure
    """

    fig, axeslist = plt.subplots(ncols=ncols, nrows=nrows)
    for ind,title in enumerate(figures):
        axeslist.ravel()[ind].imshow(figures[title], cmap=plt.gray())
        axeslist.ravel()[ind].set_title(title)
        axeslist.ravel()[ind].set_axis_off()
    plt.tight_layout() # optional

基本上，该函数根据行数在图中创建多个轴（ nrows ）和你想要的列（ ncols ），然后迭代列表用于绘制图像的轴并为每个图像添加标题。

Basically, the function creates a number of axes in the figures, according to the number of rows (nrows) and columns (ncols) you want, and then iterates over the list of axis to plot your images and adds the title for each of them.

请注意，如果字典中只有一个图像，则以前的语法 plot_figures（数字）将自 nrows 和 ncols 设置为 1 默认情况下。

Note that if you only have one image in your dictionary, your previous syntax plot_figures(figures) will work since nrows and ncols are set to 1 by default.

您可以获得的一个示例：

An example of what you can obtain:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

# generation of a dictionary of (title, images)
number_of_im = 6
figures = {'im'+str(i): np.random.randn(100, 100) for i in range(number_of_im)}

# plot of the images in a figure, with 2 rows and 3 columns
plot_figures(figures, 2, 3)

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