如何通过编程将图像编码为Java视频文件？ [英] How to encode images into a video file in Java through programming?
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问题描述
我正在尝试将一些具有相同分辨率的图像编码为视频文件，为此我尝试过：
I am trying to encode some images of same resolution into a video file using, For that I have tried:
jCodec
-
jcodec 。 .example description
jcodec..example description
但它非常耗时，而且不是编码大量图像的合适工具，它可以快速扩展时间。
But it is very time consuming and not a proper tool to encode large number of images and it creates a quick time extension.
FFMPEG
-
FFMPEG ..示例 description
但是ffmpeg只能够从图像文件创建视频。图像需要在物理系统上创建。
But ffmpeg only able to create video from image files. Images need to be create on physical system.
我听说过 Xuggler ，它的API可以在java程序中用来创建视频文件但是因为它的网站似乎已经破了。我无法尝试。
I have heard Xuggler that its APIs can be used in java program to create video file but as its site seems broken. I am unable to try it.
有人知道如何将java格式的图像编码成视频文件请帮助！
Does anybody know how to encode images in java format into a video file Please help!
提前谢谢！
推荐答案
Xuggler 已弃用，请使用 Humble - 视频而不是。它已经附带了一些演示项目，包括如何截取屏幕截图并将其转换为视频文件： RecordAndEncodeVideo.java
Xuggler is deprecated, use Humble-Video instead. It already comes with some demo projects, including how to take screenshots and convert it to a video file: RecordAndEncodeVideo.java
/*******************************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2014, Art Clarke. All rights reserved.
* <p>
* This file is part of Humble-Video.
* <p>
* Humble-Video is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
* <p>
* Humble-Video is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
* <p>
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
* along with Humble-Video. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*******************************************************************************/
package io.humble.video.demos;
import io.humble.video.*;
import io.humble.video.awt.MediaPictureConverter;
import io.humble.video.awt.MediaPictureConverterFactory;
import org.apache.commons.cli.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* Records the contents of your computer screen to a media file for the passed in duration.
* This is meant as a demonstration program to teach the use of the Humble API.
* <p>
* Concepts introduced:
* </p>
* <ul>
* <li>Muxer: A {@link Muxer} object is a container you can write media data to.</li>
* <li>Encoders: An {@link Encoder} object lets you convert {@link MediaAudio} or {@link MediaPicture} objects into {@link MediaPacket} objects
* so they can be written to {@link Muxer} objects.</li>
* </ul>
*
* <p>
* To run from maven, do:
* </p>
* <pre>
* mvn install exec:java -Dexec.mainClass="io.humble.video.demos.RecordAndEncodeVideo" -Dexec.args="filename.mp4"
* </pre>
*
* @author aclarke
*
*/
public class RecordAndEncodeVideo
{
/**
* Records the screen
*/
private static void recordScreen (String filename, String formatname, String codecname, int duration, int snapsPerSecond) throws AWTException, InterruptedException, IOException
{
/**
* Set up the AWT infrastructure to take screenshots of the desktop.
*/
final Robot robot = new Robot();
final Toolkit toolkit = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
final Rectangle screenbounds = new Rectangle(toolkit.getScreenSize());
final Rational framerate = Rational.make(1, snapsPerSecond);
/** First we create a muxer using the passed in filename and formatname if given. */
final Muxer muxer = Muxer.make(filename, null, formatname);
/** Now, we need to decide what type of codec to use to encode video. Muxers
* have limited sets of codecs they can use. We're going to pick the first one that
* works, or if the user supplied a codec name, we're going to force-fit that
* in instead.
*/
final MuxerFormat format = muxer.getFormat();
final Codec codec;
if (codecname != null)
{
codec = Codec.findEncodingCodecByName(codecname);
}
else
{
codec = Codec.findEncodingCodec(format.getDefaultVideoCodecId());
}
/**
* Now that we know what codec, we need to create an encoder
*/
Encoder encoder = Encoder.make(codec);
/**
* Video encoders need to know at a minimum:
* width
* height
* pixel format
* Some also need to know frame-rate (older codecs that had a fixed rate at which video files could
* be written needed this). There are many other options you can set on an encoder, but we're
* going to keep it simpler here.
*/
encoder.setWidth(screenbounds.width);
encoder.setHeight(screenbounds.height);
// We are going to use 420P as the format because that's what most video formats these days use
final PixelFormat.Type pixelformat = PixelFormat.Type.PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
encoder.setPixelFormat(pixelformat);
encoder.setTimeBase(framerate);
/** An annoynace of some formats is that they need global (rather than per-stream) headers,
* and in that case you have to tell the encoder. And since Encoders are decoupled from
* Muxers, there is no easy way to know this beyond
*/
if (format.getFlag(MuxerFormat.Flag.GLOBAL_HEADER))
{
encoder.setFlag(Encoder.Flag.FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER, true);
}
/** Open the encoder. */
encoder.open(null, null);
/** Add this stream to the muxer. */
muxer.addNewStream(encoder);
/** And open the muxer for business. */
muxer.open(null, null);
/** Next, we need to make sure we have the right MediaPicture format objects
* to encode data with. Java (and most on-screen graphics programs) use some
* variant of Red-Green-Blue image encoding (a.k.a. RGB or BGR). Most video
* codecs use some variant of YCrCb formatting. So we're going to have to
* convert. To do that, we'll introduce a MediaPictureConverter object later. object.
*/
MediaPictureConverter converter = null;
final MediaPicture picture = MediaPicture.make(encoder.getWidth(), encoder.getHeight(), pixelformat);
picture.setTimeBase(framerate);
/** Now begin our main loop of taking screen snaps.
* We're going to encode and then write out any resulting packets. */
final MediaPacket packet = MediaPacket.make();
for (int i = 0; i < duration / framerate.getDouble(); i++)
{
/** Make the screen capture && convert image to TYPE_3BYTE_BGR */
final BufferedImage screen = convertToType(robot.createScreenCapture(screenbounds), BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR);
/** This is LIKELY not in YUV420P format, so we're going to convert it using some handy utilities. */
if (converter == null)
{
converter = MediaPictureConverterFactory.createConverter(screen, picture);
}
converter.toPicture(picture, screen, i);
do
{
encoder.encode(packet, picture);
if (packet.isComplete())
{
muxer.write(packet, false);
}
} while (packet.isComplete());
/** now we'll sleep until it's time to take the next snapshot. */
Thread.sleep((long) (1000 * framerate.getDouble()));
}
/** Encoders, like decoders, sometimes cache pictures so it can do the right key-frame optimizations.
* So, they need to be flushed as well. As with the decoders, the convention is to pass in a null
* input until the output is not complete.
*/
do
{
encoder.encode(packet, null);
if (packet.isComplete())
{
muxer.write(packet, false);
}
} while (packet.isComplete());
/** Finally, let's clean up after ourselves. */
muxer.close();
}
@SuppressWarnings("static-access")
public static void main (String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException, AWTException
{
final Options options = new Options();
options.addOption("h", "help", false, "displays help");
options.addOption("v", "version", false, "version of this library");
options.addOption(OptionBuilder.withArgName("format").withLongOpt("format").hasArg().
withDescription("muxer format to use. If unspecified, we will guess from filename").create("f"));
options.addOption(OptionBuilder.withArgName("codec")
.withLongOpt("codec")
.hasArg()
.withDescription("codec to use when encoding video; If unspecified, we will guess from format")
.create("c"));
options.addOption(OptionBuilder.withArgName("duration")
.withLongOpt("duration")
.hasArg()
.withDescription("number of seconds of screenshot to record; defaults to 10.")
.create("d"));
options.addOption(OptionBuilder.withArgName("snaps per second")
.withLongOpt("snaps")
.hasArg()
.withDescription("number of pictures to take per second (i.e. the frame rate); defaults to 5")
.create("s"));
final CommandLineParser parser = new org.apache.commons.cli.BasicParser();
try
{
final CommandLine cmd = parser.parse(options, args);
final String[] parsedArgs = cmd.getArgs();
if (cmd.hasOption("version"))
{
// let's find what version of the library we're running
final String version = io.humble.video_native.Version.getVersionInfo();
System.out.println("Humble Version: " + version);
}
else if (cmd.hasOption("help") || parsedArgs.length != 1)
{
final HelpFormatter formatter = new HelpFormatter();
formatter.printHelp(RecordAndEncodeVideo.class.getCanonicalName() + " <filename>", options);
}
else
{
/**
* Read in some option values and their defaults.
*/
final int duration = Integer.parseInt(cmd.getOptionValue("duration", "10"));
if (duration <= 0)
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException("duration must be > 0");
}
final int snaps = Integer.parseInt(cmd.getOptionValue("snaps", "5"));
if (snaps <= 0)
{
throw new IllegalArgumentException("snaps must be > 0");
}
final String codecname = cmd.getOptionValue("codec");
final String formatname = cmd.getOptionValue("format");
final String filename = cmd.getArgs()[0];
recordScreen(filename, formatname, codecname, duration, snaps);
}
} catch (ParseException e)
{
System.err.println("Exception parsing command line: " + e.getLocalizedMessage());
}
}
/**
* Convert a {@link BufferedImage} of any type, to {@link BufferedImage} of a
* specified type. If the source image is the same type as the target type,
* then original image is returned, otherwise new image of the correct type is
* created and the content of the source image is copied into the new image.
*
* @param sourceImage
* the image to be converted
* @param targetType
* the desired BufferedImage type
*
* @return a BufferedImage of the specifed target type.
*
* @see BufferedImage
*/
public static BufferedImage convertToType (BufferedImage sourceImage, int targetType)
{
BufferedImage image;
// if the source image is already the target type, return the source image
if (sourceImage.getType() == targetType)
{
image = sourceImage;
}
// otherwise create a new image of the target type and draw the new
// image
else
{
image = new BufferedImage(sourceImage.getWidth(), sourceImage.getHeight(), targetType);
image.getGraphics().drawImage(sourceImage, 0, 0, null);
}
return image;
}
}
检查其他演示：简单视频演示
我在webapp上实时使用它。
I am using it for real time using on a webapp.
如果你要流这实际上你需要一个 RTSP 服务器。您可以使用大型框架，如 Red 5 Server ， Wowza Streaming Engine 或者您可以使用 Netty ，自3.2版以来内置RTSP编解码器。
If you will gonna stream this in real time you will need a RTSP server. You can either use big frameworks like Red 5 Server, Wowza Streaming Engine or you can built your own server using Netty which has a built in RTSP codec since version 3.2.
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