Golang将带有变量类型的json转换为字符串 [英] Golang convert json with variable types to strings

问题描述

我正在从API响应中读取json，我遇到了一个问题，即json值（strings，null，bool）中有多种数据类型。此外，某些键的值可以是字符串或null，这使得将数据读入类型变得更加困难。我想将所有内容转换为字符串以便于处理。我基于google搜索其他示例创建了一个类型开关。我想知道这是否是最简单的方法，或者我错过了一个更简单的方法。

I am reading in json from an API response and I ran into an issue in that there are multiple data types inside the json values (strings, null, bool). In addition, some keys have values which can be either a string or null which makes reading the data into types more difficult. I want to convert everything to strings for ease of handling. I created a type switch based on googling other examples. I am wondering if this is the easiest way to do this or if I am missing a simpler approach.

  package main

import (
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"strconv"
)

func main() {

json_byte := []byte(`{"response":[{"t_int":1, "t_bool": true,  "t_null_or_string": null}, {"t_int":2, "t_bool": false, "t_null_or_string": "string1"}]}`) 

//unmarshal the json to data structure using interface for variable data types
data_json := make(map[string][]map[string]interface{}) //create a structure to hold unmarshalled json
if err := json.Unmarshal(json_byte, &data_json); err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
fmt.Println("json_data: ", data_json)

//Iterate over data structure and convert Bool, Int, and Null types to string
var v_conv string                               // temporary holding for converted string values
data_map := make(map[string]string)             // temporary holding for converted maps
data_final := make([]map[string]string, 0, 100) // final holding for data converted to strings

for _, v := range data_json { //v is the value of the "response": key which is a slice of maps
    for _, v2 := range v { //v2 is one of the maps in the slice of maps
        for k3, v3 := range v2 { //k3 and v3 are the keys and values inside the map
            fmt.Println("k3: ", k3, "v3: ", v3)
            switch v_type := v3.(type) {
            case nil:
                v_conv = ""
            case bool:
                v_conv = strconv.FormatBool(v3.(bool))
            case int:
                v_conv = strconv.Itoa(v3.(int))
            case string:
                v_conv = v3.(string)
            case float64:
                v_conv = strconv.FormatFloat(v3.(float64), 'f', 0, 64)
            default:
                fmt.Println("vtype unknown: ", v_type) //have to use v_type since it is declared
                v_conv = ""
            }
            data_map[k3] = v_conv //append a new map key/value pair both as strings
            fmt.Println("data_map: ", data_map)
        }
        data_final = append(data_final, data_map) // after each cycle through the loop append the map to the new list
        fmt.Println("data_final: ", data_final)
    }
}
}

最终格式需要一张地图
[{
t_int：1，
t_bool：true，
t_null_string：
}，
{
t_int：2，
t _bool：false，
t_null_string：string1
}]

Final Format Desired a Slice of Maps [{ "t_int": "1", "t_bool": "true", "t_null_string": "" }, { "t_int": "2", "t_bool": "false", "t_null_string": "string1" }]

推荐答案

这个答案我假设您的示例中的JSON是您的JSON输入（的一部分）的示例。
在这种情况下，您的JSON具有特定的结构：您知道哪些属性带有已知数据类型，并且您知道哪些属性是动态的。
例如，您可以将您的JSON解组为smth，如下面的ResponseObj：

For this answer I'm assuming that JSON in your example is an example of (part of) your JSON input. In this case, your JSON has a specific structure: you know which attributes are coming with a known data type and also you know which attributes a dynamic. For example, you could unmarshal your JSON into smth like ResponseObj below:

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)

type ResponseObj struct {
    Response []Item `json:"response"`
}

type Item struct {
    TInt   int         `json:"t_int"`
    TBool  bool        `json:"t_bool"`
    TMixed interface{} `json:"t_null_or_string"`
}

func main() {

    json_byte := []byte(`{"response":[{"t_int":1, "t_bool": true,  "t_null_or_string": null}, {"t_int":2, "t_bool": false, "t_null_or_string": "string1"}]}`)

    data_json := ResponseObj{}
    if err := json.Unmarshal(json_byte, &data_json); err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("%+v\n", data_json)
}

您的数据将如下所示：

{
    Response:
    [
        {
            TInt:1
            TBool:true
            TMixed:<nil>
        }
            {
            TInt:2
            TBool:false
            TMixed:string1
        }
    ]
}

是的，对于具有混合类型的属性，您将运行类型断言（或与您的nil进行比较）或者两者兼而有之。）

And yes, for an attribute with a mixed type you'll run a type assertion (or comparison with nil as in your case or both).

不太可能你的JSON是不可预测类型的混乱。最有可能的是，您可以单独输出核心结构，并使用接口{}作为剩余的混合类型。

Unlikely your JSON is a total chaos of unpredictable types. Most likely, you can single out a core structure and use interface{} for remaining, mixed types.

希望这会有所帮助。

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