事件IE11正在改变 [英] Events IE11 on change

问题描述

我的代码启动IE 11页面，点击链接然后尝试填写两个下拉列表。第一个使用值2012成功填写。但第二个没有填入值TOYOTA。

My code launches an IE 11 page, clicks on a link and then attempts to fill in two dropdown lists. The first one is filled in successfully with the value "2012". But the second doesn't get filled in with the value "TOYOTA".

尽管第二个下拉列表不再显示命令select，但它只显示TOYOTA。换句话说，它从命令select变为空白。第一个下拉列表正确地从命令select变为2012。

Despite the fact that the second dropdown list no longer shows the command "select", it just doesn't show "TOYOTA". In other words, it goes from the command "select" to a blank. Whereas the first dropdown correctly goes from the command "select" to "2012".

我认为这可能是与第二个下拉列表将显示取决于第一个下拉列表的实际选择的值这一事实有关。并且需要一些onchange或fireevent命令。

I thought it was probably to do with the fact that second dropdown will show values which are dependent on the first dropdown's actual selection. And that some onchange or fireevent command is required.

我一直在网上搜索很多，并且我发现了类似的问题，我试图将其分开。一般来说，我尝试过两种主要的代码变体。如果有人能够运行此代码和/或建议我，我将一如既往地感激不尽。第一个是这样的：

I've been searching a lot online and I've found similar problems which I've tried to sponge off of. In general there have been two main variations of code I've tried. As always I would be thoroughly grateful if someone could possibly run this code and/ or advise me. The first is like this:

Sub GetQuote()

Dim IE As Object

Set IE = CreateObject("InternetExplorer.Application")

IE.navigate ("website")

IE.Visible = True

Do
DoEvents
Loop Until IE.readystate = 4

Dim e
Set e = IE.document.getElementsByClassname("id name of button")(1)
e.Click

Application.Wait (Now + TimeValue("00:00:02"))

Do
DoEvents
Loop Until IE.readystate = 4


Dim z As Object
Set z = IE.document.getElementbyid("vehicleYearOfManufactureList")
z.Focus
z.SelectedIndex = 4
z.FireEvent ("onchange")

Application.Wait (Now + TimeValue("00:00:02"))

Dim y As Object
Set y = IE.document.getElementbyid("vehicleMakeList")
y.Focus
y.Value = "TOYOTA"
y.FireEvent ("onchange")


End Sub

第二次是这样的：

Sub GetQuote()

Dim IE As Object

Set IE = CreateObject("InternetExplorer.Application")

IE.navigate ("website")

IE.Visible = True

Do
DoEvents
Loop Until IE.readystate = 4

Dim e
Set e = IE.document.getElementsByClassname("sg-Btn sg-Btn--primary")(1)
e.Click

Application.Wait (Now + TimeValue("00:00:02"))

Do
DoEvents
Loop Until IE.readystate = 4


Dim z As Object

Set evt = IE.document.createEvent("HTMLEvents")

evt.initEvent "change", True, False

Set z = IE.document.getElementbyid("vehicleYearOfManufactureList")

z.SelectedIndex = 4
z.dispatchEvent evt

Application.Wait (Now + TimeValue("00:00:02"))

Dim y As Object

Set evt = IE.document.createEvent("HTMLEvents")

evt.initEvent "change", True, False

Set y = IE.document.getElementbyid("vehicleMakeList")

y.Value = "TOYOTA"
y.dispatchEvent evt

End Sub

这里是第二个下拉列表的源代码，我想用TOYOTA填写（当我在第二个下拉列表上盘旋时，我注意到的一件事是，而不是通常的箭头对于我的光标，它现在显示一个带有黑色圆圈的手，它有一个穿透它，这似乎与第二个下拉列表似乎无法被选中的事实一致）：

And here is the source code for the second dropdown list which I want to fill in with "TOYOTA" (one thing I noticed when I hovered over the second dropdown list was that instead of having the usual arrow for my cursor it now displays a hand with a small black circle that has a strike through it, which seems in line with the fact that the second dropdown list seems to not be able to be selected):

                   <option value="">Select</option><optgroup label="Common Makes" id="commonVehicleMakeOptionGroup"><option value="AUDI">Audi</option><option value="BMW">BMW</option><option value="FORD">Ford</option><option value="HOLDEN">Holden</option><option value="HONDA">Honda</option><option value="HYUNDAI">Hyundai</option><option value="KIA">Kia</option><option value="MAZDA">Mazda</option><option value="MERCEDES-BENZ">Mercedes-Benz</option><option value="MITSUBISHI">Mitsubishi</option><option value="NISSAN">Nissan</option><option value="SUBARU">Subaru</option><option value="TOYOTA">Toyota</option><option value="VOLKSWAGEN">Volkswagen</option><option disabled="disabled"></option></optgroup><optgroup label="All Makes" id="allVehicleMakeOptionGroup"><option value="ABARTH">Abarth</option><option value="ALFA ROMEO">Alfa Romeo</option><option value="ASTON MARTIN">Aston Martin</option><option value="AUDI">Audi</option><option value="BENTLEY">Bentley</option><option value="BMW">BMW</option><option value="CHERY">Chery</option><option value="CHRYSLER">Chrysler</option><option value="CITROEN">Citroen</option><option value="DODGE">Dodge</option><option value="FIAT">Fiat</option><option value="FORD">Ford</option><option value="FOTON">Foton</option><option value="GEELY">Geely</option><option value="GREAT WALL MOTORS">Great Wall Motors</option><option value="HOLDEN">Holden</option><option value="HONDA">Honda</option><option value="HSV">HSV</option><option value="HYUNDAI">Hyundai</option><option value="INFINITI">Infiniti</option><option value="ISUZU">Isuzu</option><option value="IVECO">Iveco</option><option value="JAGUAR">Jaguar</option><option value="JEEP">Jeep</option><option value="KIA">Kia</option><option value="LAND ROVER">Land Rover</option><option value="LEXUS">Lexus</option><option value="LOTUS">Lotus</option><option value="MAHINDRA">Mahindra</option><option value="MAZDA">Mazda</option><option value="MERCEDES-BENZ">Mercedes-Benz</option><option value="MINI">Mini</option><option value="MITSUBISHI">Mitsubishi</option><option value="NISSAN">Nissan</option><option value="OPEL">Opel</option><option value="PEUGEOT">Peugeot</option><option value="PORSCHE">Porsche</option><option value="PROTON">Proton</option><option value="RANGE ROVER">Range Rover</option><option value="RENAULT">Renault</option><option value="SAAB">Saab</option><option value="SKODA">Skoda</option><option value="SMART">Smart</option><option value="SSANGYONG">Ssangyong</option><option value="SUBARU">Subaru</option><option value="SUZUKI">Suzuki</option><option value="TATA">Tata</option><option value="TOYOTA">Toyota</option><option value="VOLKSWAGEN">Volkswagen</option><option value="VOLVO">Volvo</option></optgroup></select>

推荐答案

在下拉列表中选择选项的最佳方法是使用 selectedIndex 属性或为<选项>之一设置 selected = True ; 元素。之后，您可以自己触发 onchange 事件。由于您的页面使用AJAX根据您的选择初始化更多列表，因此您必须等待它继续完成。

The best way to select an option in a dropdown is to use the selectedIndex property or to set selected = True for one of the <option> elements. After that, you can fire the onchange event yourself. Since your page uses AJAX to initialize further lists based on your selection, you'll have to wait for it to complete before continuing.

我感到无聊并决定构建我的自己的车。我刚刚从下拉列表中选择了一个选项所需的功能和将 onchange 事件激发到 SelectOption（）功能。可能有更复杂的方法等待事件完成（例如检查 ie.busy 或 ie.readystate ）但是在设置每个选项后，我只是在睡了几秒钟。

I got bored and decided to build my own car. I just wrapped the functionality needed to select an option from the dropdown and fire the onchange event into a SelectOption() function. There are probably more sophisticated ways to wait until the event completes (like checking ie.busy or ie.readystate) but I'm just sleeping for a few seconds after I set each option.

Set d = ie.document

SelectOption d, "vehicleYearOfManufactureList", "2012"
SelectOption d, "vehicleMakeList", "Toyota"
SelectOption d, "vehicleModelList", "Camry"
SelectOption d, "vehicleTransmissionList", "Auto"
SelectOption d, "vehicleNumberOfCylindersList", "4"
SelectOption d, "vehicleBodyTypeList", "4D Sedan"

' If you want to click the button when you're done...
d.getElementById("findcar").Click

MsgBox "Completed selections"

Function SelectOption(doc, strID, strText)

    Dim e
    Set e = doc.getElementById(strID)

    If e Is Nothing Then
        MsgBox "Could not find ID = " & strText
        Exit Function
    End If

    ' Select the option that matches our text...
    Dim o
    For Each o In e.Options
        If StrComp(o.Text, strText, vbTextCompare) = 0 Then
            o.Selected = True
            Exit For
        End If
    Next

    If e.SelectedIndex = 0 Then
        MsgBox "Could not set value of " & strID & " to " & strText
        Exit Function
    End If

    ' Fire the onChange event...
    Dim objEvent
    Set objEvent = doc.createEvent("HTMLEvents")
    objEvent.initEvent "change", False, True
    e.dispatchEvent objEvent

    ' Wait a few seconds for the event to complete...
    WScript.Sleep 3000

    SelectOption = True

End Function

我在Windows脚本宿主中这样做了，所以我可以使用 WScript.Sleep（）。你只需要用VBA的 Application.Wait（）替换这些调用。

I did this in the Windows Script Host, so I had the luxury of using WScript.Sleep(). You'll just need to replace those calls with Application.Wait() for VBA.

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