IOError：13，通过Python写入/ etc / hosts时'权限被拒绝' [英] IOError: 13, 'Permission denied' when writing to /etc/hosts via Python

问题描述

我有一个我正在研究的Python应用程序需要访问hosts文件以附加几行。一切都在我的测试文件上工作，但是当我告诉程序实际修改/ etc / hosts中的hosts文件时，我得到IOError 13.据我所知，我的应用程序没有root权限。

I have a Python app that I'm working on that needs to access the hosts file to append a few lines. Everything worked on my test file, but when I told the program to actually modify my hosts file in /etc/hosts I get IOError 13. From what I understand, my app doesn't have root privileges.

我的问题是，我该如何绕过这个问题？有没有办法提示用户输入密码？如果我在Windows机器上运行该应用程序，该过程会有所不同吗？

My question is, how can I circumnavigate this issue? Is there a way to prompt the user for their password? Would the process be any different if I was running the app on a Windows machine?

以下是相关代码：

f = open("/etc/hosts", "a")
f.write("Hello Hosts File!")

另外，我打算在最终产品中使用py2app和py2exe。他们会为我处理root权限问题吗？

Also, I plan on using py2app and py2exe for the final product. Would they handle the root privilege issue for me?

推荐答案

处理此问题的最简单方法是将您的更改写出来文件，然后运行程序来覆盖受保护的文件。像这样：

The easiest way to handle this is to write out your changes to a temp file, then run a program to overwrite the protected file. Like so:

with open('/etc/hosts', 'rt') as f:
    s = f.read() + '\n' + '127.0.0.1\t\t\thome_sweet_home\n'
    with open('/tmp/etc_hosts.tmp', 'wt') as outf:
        outf.write(s)

os.system('sudo mv /tmp/etc_hosts.tmp /etc/hosts')

当你的Python程序运行sudo时，sudo程序会提示用户输入他/她的密码。如果您希望这是基于GUI的，您可以运行GUI sudo，例如gksu。

When your Python program runs sudo, the sudo program will prompt the user for his/her password. If you want this to be GUI based you can run a GUI sudo, such as "gksu".

在Windows上，hosts文件被隐藏在\下的几个子目录中视窗。您可以使用相同的一般技巧，但Windows没有sudo命令。以下是对等价物的讨论：

On Windows, the hosts file is buried a couple subdirectories under \Windows. You can use the same general trick, but Windows doesn't have the sudo command. Here is a discussion of equivalents:

https://superuser.com/questions/42537/is-there-any-sudo-command-for-windows

这篇关于IOError：13，通过Python写入/ etc / hosts时'权限被拒绝'的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！