从后台任务启动iOS 7中的位置管理器 [英] Start Location Manager in iOS 7 from background task
问题描述
似乎在iOS 7中，应用无法再从后台任务启动位置管理器（通过调用startUpdatingLocation）。
It seems that in iOS 7 an app can not start Location Manager (by calling startUpdatingLocation) from the background task anymore.
在iOS 6中，我使用了此处描述的方法： https://stackoverflow.com/ a / 6465280 每n分钟运行一次后台位置更新。我们的想法是使用计时器运行后台任务，并在计时器触发时启动位置管理器。之后关闭位置管理器并启动另一个后台任务。
In iOS 6 I used approach described here: https://stackoverflow.com/a/6465280 to run background location update every n minutes. The idea was to run background task with a timer and start Location Manager when the timer triggers it. After that turn off Location Manager and start another background task.
更新到iOS 7后，此方法不再有效。启动位置管理器后，应用程序不会收到任何locationManager：didUpdateLocations。有任何想法吗？
After updating to iOS 7 this approach does not work anymore. After starting Location Manager an app does not receive any locationManager:didUpdateLocations. Any ideas?
推荐答案
我发现了问题/解决方案。当需要启动位置服务并停止后台任务时，应该延迟后台任务（我使用1秒钟）。否则位置服务不会启动。此外，位置服务应保持开启几秒钟（在我的示例中为3秒）。
I found the problem/solution. When it is time to start location service and stop background task, background task should be stopped with a delay (I used 1 second). Otherwise location service wont start. Also Location Service should be left ON for a couple of seconds (in my example it is 3 seconds).
另一个重要的通知，iOS 7中的最长后台时间现在为3分钟而不是10分钟。
Another important notice, max background time in iOS 7 is now 3 minutes instead of 10 minutes.
于2016年10月29日更新
有一个cocoapod APScheduledLocationManager ，允许每隔 n 秒获得背景位置更新，并具有所需的位置精度。
There is a cocoapod APScheduledLocationManager that allows to get background location updates every n seconds with desired location accuracy.
let manager = APScheduledLocationManager(delegate: self)
manager.startUpdatingLocation(interval: 170, acceptableLocationAccuracy: 100)
存储库还包含一个用Swift 3编写的示例应用程序。
The repository also contains an example app written in Swift 3.
于2014年5月27日更新
Objective-C示例：
Objective-C example:
1）在.plist文件中将 UIBackgroundModes 设置为location。
1) In ".plist" file set UIBackgroundModes to "location".
2）创建<$的实例c $ c> ScheduledLocationManager 您想要的任何地方。
2) Create instance of ScheduledLocationManager anywhere you want.
@property (strong, nonatomic) ScheduledLocationManager *slm;
3）设置
self.slm = [[ScheduledLocationManager alloc]init];
self.slm.delegate = self;
[self.slm getUserLocationWithInterval:60]; // replace this value with what you want, but it can not be higher than kMaxBGTime
4）实施委托方法
-(void)scheduledLocationManageDidFailWithError:(NSError *)error
{
NSLog(@"Error %@",error);
}
-(void)scheduledLocationManageDidUpdateLocations:(NSArray *)locations
{
// You will receive location updates every 60 seconds (value what you set with getUserLocationWithInterval)
// and you will continue to receive location updates for 3 seconds (value of kTimeToGetLocations).
// You can gather and pick most accurate location
NSLog(@"Locations %@",locations);
}
这是ScheduledLocationManager的实现：
Here is implementation of ScheduledLocationManager:
ScheduledLocationManager.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <CoreLocation/CoreLocation.h>
@protocol ScheduledLocationManagerDelegate <NSObject>
-(void)scheduledLocationManageDidFailWithError:(NSError*)error;
-(void)scheduledLocationManageDidUpdateLocations:(NSArray*)locations;
@end
@interface ScheduledLocationManager : NSObject <CLLocationManagerDelegate>
-(void)getUserLocationWithInterval:(int)interval;
@end
ScheduledLocationManager.m
#import "ScheduledLocationManager.h"
int const kMaxBGTime = 170; // 3 min - 10 seconds (as bg task is killed faster)
int const kTimeToGetLocations = 3; // time to wait for locations
@implementation ScheduledLocationManager
{
UIBackgroundTaskIdentifier bgTask;
CLLocationManager *locationManager;
NSTimer *checkLocationTimer;
int checkLocationInterval;
NSTimer *waitForLocationUpdatesTimer;
}
- (id)init
{
self = [super init];
if (self) {
locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
locationManager.delegate = self;
locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest;
locationManager.distanceFilter = kCLDistanceFilterNone;
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(applicationDidEnterBackground:) name:UIApplicationDidEnterBackgroundNotification object:nil];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(applicationDidBecomeActive:) name:UIApplicationDidBecomeActiveNotification object:nil];
}
return self;
}
-(void)getUserLocationWithInterval:(int)interval
{
checkLocationInterval = (interval > kMaxBGTime)? kMaxBGTime : interval;
[locationManager startUpdatingLocation];
}
- (void)timerEvent:(NSTimer*)theTimer
{
[self stopCheckLocationTimer];
[locationManager startUpdatingLocation];
// in iOS 7 we need to stop background task with delay, otherwise location service won't start
[self performSelector:@selector(stopBackgroundTask) withObject:nil afterDelay:1];
}
-(void)startCheckLocationTimer
{
[self stopCheckLocationTimer];
checkLocationTimer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:checkLocationInterval target:self selector:@selector(timerEvent:) userInfo:NULL repeats:NO];
}
-(void)stopCheckLocationTimer
{
if(checkLocationTimer){
[checkLocationTimer invalidate];
checkLocationTimer=nil;
}
}
-(void)startBackgroundTask
{
[self stopBackgroundTask];
bgTask = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] beginBackgroundTaskWithExpirationHandler:^{
//in case bg task is killed faster than expected, try to start Location Service
[self timerEvent:checkLocationTimer];
}];
}
-(void)stopBackgroundTask
{
if(bgTask!=UIBackgroundTaskInvalid){
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] endBackgroundTask:bgTask];
bgTask = UIBackgroundTaskInvalid;
}
}
-(void)stopWaitForLocationUpdatesTimer
{
if(waitForLocationUpdatesTimer){
[waitForLocationUpdatesTimer invalidate];
waitForLocationUpdatesTimer =nil;
}
}
-(void)startWaitForLocationUpdatesTimer
{
[self stopWaitForLocationUpdatesTimer];
waitForLocationUpdatesTimer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:kTimeToGetLocations target:self selector:@selector(waitForLoactions:) userInfo:NULL repeats:NO];
}
- (void)waitForLoactions:(NSTimer*)theTimer
{
[self stopWaitForLocationUpdatesTimer];
if(([[UIApplication sharedApplication ]applicationState]==UIApplicationStateBackground ||
[[UIApplication sharedApplication ]applicationState]==UIApplicationStateInactive) &&
bgTask==UIBackgroundTaskInvalid){
[self startBackgroundTask];
}
[self startCheckLocationTimer];
[locationManager stopUpdatingLocation];
}
#pragma mark - CLLocationManagerDelegate methods
- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateLocations:(NSArray *)locations
{
if(checkLocationTimer){
//sometimes it happens that location manager does not stop even after stopUpdationLocations
return;
}
if (self.delegate && [self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(scheduledLocationManageDidUpdateLocations:)]) {
[self.delegate scheduledLocationManageDidUpdateLocations:locations];
}
if(waitForLocationUpdatesTimer==nil){
[self startWaitForLocationUpdatesTimer];
}
}
- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
{
if (self.delegate && [self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(scheduledLocationManageDidFailWithError:)]) {
[self.delegate scheduledLocationManageDidFailWithError:error];
}
}
#pragma mark - UIAplicatin notifications
- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(NSNotification *) notification
{
if([self isLocationServiceAvailable]==YES){
[self startBackgroundTask];
}
}
- (void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(NSNotification *) notification
{
[self stopBackgroundTask];
if([self isLocationServiceAvailable]==NO){
NSError *error = [NSError errorWithDomain:@"your.domain" code:1 userInfo:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"Authorization status denied" forKey:NSLocalizedDescriptionKey]];
if (self.delegate && [self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(scheduledLocationManageDidFailWithError:)]) {
[self.delegate scheduledLocationManageDidFailWithError:error];
}
}
}
#pragma mark - Helpers
-(BOOL)isLocationServiceAvailable
{
if([CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled]==NO ||
[CLLocationManager authorizationStatus]==kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied ||
[CLLocationManager authorizationStatus]==kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted){
return NO;
}else{
return YES;
}
}
@end
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