JSON解析swift，数组在NSURLSession之外没有任何值 [英] JSON parsing swift, array has no value outside NSURLSession

问题描述

我试图在swift中调用json webservice，使用以下代码并在swift IOS中的 tableview 中显示它。

I am trying to call a json webservice in swift, With the following code and display it in tableview in swift IOS.

/*declared as global*/ var IdDEc = [String]() // string array declared globally

//inside viewdidload

let url = NSURL(string: "http://192.1.2.3/PhpProject1/getFullJson.php")

let task = NSURLSession.sharedSession().dataTaskWithURL(url!) {(data, response, error) in

let json1 = NSString(data: data!, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)

print("json string is = ",json1) // i am getting response here

let data = json1!.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding, allowLossyConversion: false)

    do {

        let json = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data!, options: .MutableContainers) as! NSArray

            for arrayData in json {

                let notId = arrayData["ID"] as! String

                self.IdDEc.append(notId)
            }

            print(" id = ",IdDEc) //here i am getting values

        } catch let error as NSError {

            print("Failed to load: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }

        print(" id  out count = ",self.IdDEc.count) //here also
    }

    print(" id  out count = ",self.IdDEc.count) // not here

    task.resume()

我将数组IdDEc声明为全局，仍然该数组的范围仅驻留在NSURLSession中，

i declared the array IdDEc as global, still the scope of that array resides inside NSURLSession only,

此外，我还想使用此数组来填充tableview。
以下是json输出文件示例

Also i want to use this array to populate tableview. Here is the sample json output file

[

{"ID":"123" , "USER":"philip","AGE":"23"},

{"ID":"344","USER":"taylor","AGE":"29"},

{"ID":"5464","USER":"baker","AGE":"45"},

{"ID":"456","USER":"Catherine","AGE":"34"}

]

我是swift中的新手请帮助

I am a newbee in swift please help

推荐答案

这个想法是使用回调 。

The idea is to use a "callback".

在这里，我为你想要的NSArray做了一个：

Here, I've made one for the NSArray you want to get:

completion: (dataArray: NSArray)->()

我们创建了一个获取数组的函数，我们将此回调添加到函数的签名中：

We create a function to get the array, and we add this callback to the function's signature:

func getDataArray(urlString: String, completion: (dataArray: NSArray)->())

一旦阵列准备好我们就会使用回调：

and as soon as the array is ready we'll use the callback:

completion(dataArray: theNSArray)

以下是完整函数的样子：

Here's how the complete function could look like:

func getDataArray(urlString: String, completion: (dataArray: NSArray)->()) {
    if let url = NSURL(string: urlString) {
        NSURLSession.sharedSession().dataTaskWithURL(url) {(data, response, error) in
            if error == nil {
                if let data = data,
                    json1 = NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding),
                    data1 = json1.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding, allowLossyConversion: false) {
                    do {
                        let json = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data1, options: [])
                        if let jsonArray = json as? NSArray {
                            completion(dataArray: jsonArray)
                        }
                    } catch let error as NSError {
                        print(error.localizedDescription)
                    }
                } else {
                    print("Error: no data")
                }
            } else {
                print(error!.localizedDescription)
            }
        }.resume()
    }
}

现在我们像这样使用这个函数，不再是异步问题：

Now we use this function like this, no more asynchronous issues:

getDataArray("http://192.1.2.3/PhpProject1/getFullJson.php") { (dataArray) in
    for dataDictionary in dataArray {
        if let notId = dataDictionary["ID"] as? String {
            self.IdDEc.append(notId)
        }
    }
    print("id out count = ", self.IdDEc.count)
}

---

Swift 3 更新+修正和改进。

func getContent(from url: String, completion: @escaping ([[String: Any]])->()) {
    if let url = URL(string: url) {
        URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: url) { (data, response, error) in
            if error == nil  {
                if let data = data {
                    do {
                        let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: [])
                        if let content = json as? [[String: Any]] { // array of dictionaries
                            completion(content)
                        }
                    } catch {
                        // error while decoding JSON
                        print(error.localizedDescription)
                    }
                } else {
                    print("Error: no data")
                }
            } else {
                // network-related error
                print(error!.localizedDescription)
            }
        }.resume()
    }
}

getContent(from: "http://192.1.2.3/PhpProject1/getFullJson.php") { (result) in
    // 'result' is what was given to 'completion', an array of dictionaries
    for dataDictionary in result {
        if let notId = dataDictionary["ID"] as? String {
            // ...
        }
    }
}

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