Swift在一个角色的第一场比赛中分裂字符串 [英] Swift split string at first match of a character

问题描述

我正在尝试在Swift中创建一个iOS应用程序，它要求我在一行的第一个冒号（:)中拆分一行文本。我已经尝试在字符串上使用componentsSeparatedByString方法，但除了收到错误声明'NSString'没有名为'componentSeparatedByString'的成员之外，该方法实际上并没有按我的意愿行事。

I'm trying to make an iOS app in Swift that requires me to split a line of text at the first colon (:) of a line. I've tried using the the componentsSeparatedByString method on the string, but in addition to getting an error stating "'NSString' does not have a member named 'componentSeparatedByString'", that method doesn't actually do what I want.

对于更多上下文，我试图在游戏中分隔一行，其格式为

For a bit more context, I'm trying to separate a line in a play, that being of the form

<character name> : <line>

进入角色的名称和行。我假设角色的名字中没有冒号，所以我想在该行的第一个冒号处拆分，这样如果文本中有任何冒号，我就不会将该行的文本拆分成碎片。

into the character's name and the line. I am assuming there is no colon in the character's name, so I want to split at the first colon in the line, so that I won't break the line's text into pieces if there are any colons in the text.

所以，我的第一个问题：为什么不使用'componentsSeparatedByString'在以下代码中有效:(以下代码不是我之前提到的情况，但它是我的东西想要修复并保留，所以我想使用它而不是冒号破坏代码。）

So, my first question: Why isn't the use of 'componentsSeparatedByString' valid in the following code: (the following code isn't the situation I mentioned before, but it's something I want to fix and keep in, so I wanted to use it instead of the colon breaking code.)

var fileRoot = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("LonelyImpulse", ofType: "txt")
    var contents = NSString(contentsOfFile:fileRoot!, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding, error: nil)!
    let stringArray = contents.componentSeparatedByString("\n")

我的第二个：如何沿着冒号（:)字符的第一个匹配而不是沿着所有匹配分割字符串？

And my second: How can I split the string along just the first match of the colon (:) character, rather than along all matches?

推荐答案

第一个

这只是一个错字，而不是 componentSeparatedByString ，但 componentsSeparatedByString

It's just a typo, not componentSeparatedByString, but componentsSeparatedByString

let stringArray = contents.componentsSeparatedByString("\n")
//                                  ^ 

第二个

您可以使用内置拆分函数，该函数可以指定 maxSplit ：

You can use builtin split function which can specify maxSplit:

let str:NSString = "test:foo:bar"
let result = split(str as String, { $0 == ":" }, maxSplit: 1, allowEmptySlices: true)
// -> ["test", "foo:bar"]

请注意，结果的类型是 [字符串] 。如果你想 [NSString] ，只需投出它：

Note that the type of the result is [String]. If you want [NSString], just cast it:

let result:[NSString] = split(string as String, { $0 == ":" }, maxSplit: 1, allowEmptySlices: true)
//        ^^^^^^^^^^^

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