通过在IPython中绘图分配清除内存 [英] Clear memory allocated by plotting in IPython

问题描述

我正在IPython QtConsole（和Notebook）中绘制一些大块图。这些占用了很多内存，但是一旦它们被绘制，我就不再需要它们了，它们可以去。

I'm plotting some large plots in IPython QtConsole (and Notebook). These take up a lot of memory, but once they are plotted I don't need them any more and they can go.

如何释放内存？

无以下作品：

close()
clf()
cla()
%reset

唯一释放内存的是重启内核，我并不总是想做（比如我经历了一个漫长的过程来达到一个特定的点）[准确地说，％reset 确实释放了一些内存，但没有重启内核那么多。

The only thing that frees the memory is restarting the kernel, which I don't always want to do (say I worked through a long process to get to a specific point) [To be precise, %reset does free up some memory, but not as much as restarting the kernel].

如何复制问题：

plot(arange(2e7))

您可能需要更大或更大较小的数字，以注意对您的系统内存的重大影响。

You may need a bigger or a smaller number to notice a big impact on your system memory.

推荐答案

在阅读了tcaswell的评论之后，我对IPython存储的内容进行了更多调查。这是我的方法：

After reading tcaswell's comment, I investigated a bit more what IPython is storing. This is my method:

## start afresh

## what variables are there before calling plot()?
## make sure you copy() otherwise it's just a reference.
before = vars().copy()

plt.plot(range(10))

## now, what's available after?
after = vars().copy()

## print out the differences
for k in after.keys():
  if k not in before.keys():
    print k

## or a bit more compact
print set(after.keys()) - set(before.keys())

结果是：

before
_i2
_i3
_2

其中 _i * 是输入字符串， _n （ n 数字）是输出的字符串。
删除这些项目和垃圾收集不似乎可以释放内存。

Where _i* are string of the inputs and _n (with n a number) are the strings of the outputs. Removing those items and garbage collecting does not seem to free up memory though.

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