如何创建可以通过单击运行的Java应用程序？ [英] How to create a Java application which can be run by a click?

问题描述

我想要一个可以轻松启动的Java应用程序。

I would like to have a Java application which can be easily started.

到目前为止，我已经设法创建了一个jar文件，但我还没有看到任何优势。在我通过java HelloWorldSwing运行我的应用程序之前，现在我使用java -jar HelloWorldSwing.jar（这比上一个命令更复杂，据我所知，jar文件的使用需要存在* .mf文件在同一目录中。）

So far I have managed to create a jar file but I do not see any advantages yet. Before I run my application by "java HelloWorldSwing" and now I use "java -jar HelloWorldSwing.jar" (which is even more complicated than the previous command and, as far as I understood, the usage of a jar file requires presence of *.mf file in the same directory).

我想要以下两种情况之一：

I would like to have one of the two following situations:

1. 只需一个文件即可复制到另一个操作系统，只需在文件浏览器中单击此文件即可启动项目（此时如果单击我的jar文件，则Ubuntu开始提取存档（因为jar是一个存档，我知道）。）

1. Just one single file which can be copied to another operation system and that the project can be started just by click on this file in a file browser (at the moment if click on my jar file Ubuntu starts to extract archive (because jar is an archive, I know)).

创建一个象形图，可以放在桌面上点击哪个启动我的Java程序。

Create a pictogram which can be put on a desktop and clicking on which initiates my Java program.

推荐答案

制作一个没有依赖关系的 jar 可执行文件相对简单。您基本上只需要在 MANIFEST 中指定要使用的主类。然后可以使用 java -jar ExecutableJar.jar 启动它，但在这种情况下大多数操作系统支持双击。

Making a jar with no dependencies executable is relatively easy. You basically just need to specify in the MANIFEST the main class to use. It can then be started with java -jar ExecutableJar.jar, but most OS support double-click in this case.

制作一个依赖于其他jar 可执行文件的 jar更加棘手。您可以在 MANIFEST 中指定类路径，但这仍然意味着您需要复制多个jar来分发您的应用。另一种方法是在主罐中包装悬浮罐。

Making a jar that depends on other jar executable is more tricky. You can specify the class path in the MANIFEST, but it still means you need to copy more than one jar to distribute your app. Another way is to "pack" the depending jar in the main jar.

您可以使用 maven 和 maven-assembly-plugin 。使用预先配置的 jar-with-dependencies 描述符。

You can do all this with maven and the maven-assembly-plugin. Use the jar-with-dependencies preconfigured descriptor.

<configuration>
     <descriptorRefs>
             <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
     </descriptorRefs>
</configuration>

可以使用以下内容指定主类：

The main class can be specified with something like:

<archive>
     <manifest>
        <mainClass>org.company.MyClass</mainClass>
     </manifest>
 </archive>

编辑：完整的 pom.xml 可在中找到这个问题。

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