如何在像Jasmine这样的测试框架中加载带有RequireJS的模块进行测试？ [英] How can I load a module with RequireJS for testing in a testing framework like Jasmine?

问题描述

我是JavaScript的新手，并尝试测试RequireJS模块中定义的函数。
这意味着我有一些这样的代码：

I am new to JavaScript and try to test functions defined in a RequireJS Module. That means i have some code like this:

define([...], function(...){
    var ModuleName = Base.extend({
        init: function(){
            //some code
        };
    });
}

现在我想测试函数init（）。
我从我加载对象spec.js，这是有效的：

Now I want to test the function init(). I load the object from my spec.js, this works:

describe("ModuleName", function(){
    var mod = require(['../js/app/ModuleName.js'], function(ModuleName) {});

    it("exists", function(){
        expect(mod).toBeDefined();
    });
});

这很顺利。
但是当我添加这段代码时，它失败了：

This passes well. But when I add this code, it fails:

it("contains init", function(){
    expect(mod.init).toBeDefined();
});

我不明白为什么。

推荐答案

你没有正确使用RequireJS。

You're not using RequireJS properly.

以下是这样的lution需要使用 beforeAll ，可以使用此包。你的代码可能是这样的：

The following solution needs the use of beforeAll, which can be added to Jasmine with this package. Your code could be something like this:

describe("ModuleName", function() {
    var mod;

    beforeAll(function (done) {
        // This loads your module and saves it in `mod`.
        require(['../js/app/ModuleName'], function(mod_) {
            mod = _mod;
            done();
        });
    });

    it("exists", function(){
        expect(mod).toBeDefined();
        expect(mod.init).toBeDefined();
    });
});

我记得，的返回值使用依赖数组调用的require 是对 require 本身的引用。所以是的，它被定义但是，不，它不是您尝试加载的模块的值。要获得模块值，您必须执行上面代码中的操作。

As I recall, the return value of require called with an array of dependencies is a reference to require itself. So yes, it is defined but, no, it is not the value of the module you were trying to load. To get a module value, you have to do something like I did in the code above.

如果您的测试碰巧在RequireJS模块中，您也可以添加要测试的模块依赖项列表：

If your tests happen to be in a RequireJS module, you could also just add the module to be tested to the list of dependencies:

define([..., '../js/app/ModuleName'], function (..., mod) {
    describe("ModuleName", function() {
        it("exists", function(){
            expect(mod).toBeDefined();
            expect(mod.init).toBeDefined();
        });
    });
});

我在不同情况下使用了上述两种方法。

I've used both methods above in different circumstances.

附注：我已从上面代码中的模块名称中删除了 .js 。您通常不希望将 .js 扩展名放到您为RequireJS提供的模块名称。

Side note: I've removed the .js from the module name in the code above. You generally do not want to put the .js extension to module names you give to RequireJS.

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