如何配置JPA以在Maven中进行测试 [英] How to configure JPA for testing in Maven

问题描述

有没有办法在Maven项目中设置第二个persistence.xml文件，以便用于测试而不是用于部署的普通文件？

Is there a way to set up a second persistence.xml file in a Maven project such that it is used for testing instead of the normal one that is used for deployment?

我尝试将一个persistence.xml放入src / test / resources / META-INF，它被复制到target / test-classes / META-INF中，但它似乎是target / classes / META-INF（来自于src / main / resources）首选，尽管 mvn -X test 以正确的顺序列出类路径条目：

I tried putting a persistence.xml into src/test/resources/META-INF, which gets copied into target/test-classes/META-INF, but it seems target/classes/META-INF (the copy from the src/main/resources) gets preferred, despite mvn -X test listing the classpath entries in the right order:

[DEBUG] Test Classpath :
[DEBUG]   /home/uqpbecke/dev/NetBeansProjects/UserManager/target/test-classes
[DEBUG]   /home/uqpbecke/dev/NetBeansProjects/UserManager/target/classes
[DEBUG]   /home/uqpbecke/.m2/repository/junit/junit/4.5/junit-4.5.jar
...

我希望能够针对简单的hsqldb配置运行测试，而无需更改JPA配置的部署版本，项目结账后理想情况下是直接的不需要进行本地调整。

I would like to be able to run tests against a simple hsqldb configuration without having to change the deployment version of the JPA configuration, ideally straight after project checkout without any need for local tweaking.

推荐答案

以下内容适用于Maven 2.1+（之前没有阶段）可以将执行绑定到测试和包之间。）

The following will work for Maven 2.1+ (prior to that there wasn't a phase between test and package that you could bind an execution to).

您可以使用maven-antrun-plugin将persistence.xml替换为持续时间的测试版本测试，然后在打包项目之前恢复正确的版本。

You can use the maven-antrun-plugin to replace the persistence.xml with the test version for the duration of the tests, then restore the proper version before the project is packaged.

此示例假设生产版本为src / main / resources / META-INF / persistence.xml测试版本是src / test / resources / META-INF / persistence.xml，因此它们将分别复制到target / classes / META-INF和target / test-classes / META-INF。

This example assumes the production version is src/main/resources/META-INF/persistence.xml and the test version is src/test/resources/META-INF/persistence.xml, so they will be copied to target/classes/META-INF and target/test-classes/META-INF respectively.

将它封装成一个mojo会更优雅，但因为你只是复制一个文件，所以看起来有点过分。

It would be more elegant to encapsulate this into a mojo, but as you're only copying a file, it seems like overkill.

<plugin>
  <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.3</version>
  <executions>
    <execution>
      <id>copy-test-persistence</id>
      <phase>process-test-resources</phase>
      <configuration>
        <tasks>
          <!--backup the "proper" persistence.xml-->
          <copy file="${project.build.outputDirectory}/META-INF/persistence.xml" tofile="${project.build.outputDirectory}/META-INF/persistence.xml.proper"/>
          <!--replace the "proper" persistence.xml with the "test" version-->
          <copy file="${project.build.testOutputDirectory}/META-INF/persistence.xml" tofile="${project.build.outputDirectory}/META-INF/persistence.xml"/>
        </tasks>
      </configuration>
      <goals>
        <goal>run</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
    <execution>
      <id>restore-persistence</id>
      <phase>prepare-package</phase>
      <configuration>
        <tasks>
          <!--restore the "proper" persistence.xml-->
          <copy file="${project.build.outputDirectory}/META-INF/persistence.xml.proper" tofile="${project.build.outputDirectory}/META-INF/persistence.xml"/>
        </tasks>
      </configuration>
      <goals>
        <goal>run</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>

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