在哪里可以找到Java的Square Root函数的源代码？ [英] Where can I find the source code for Java's Square Root function?

问题描述

我知道Math.sqrt调用StrictMath.sqrt（double a）
我想查看用于计算它的实际代码。

I know that Math.sqrt calls StrictMath.sqrt(double a) I was wanting to look at the actual code used to calculate it.

推荐答案

安装JDK时，可以在 src.zip中找到标准库的源代码。 。这对 StrictMath 没有帮助，因为 StrictMath.sqrt（double）的实现方式如下： / p>

When you install a JDK the source code of the standard library can be found inside src.zip. This won't help you for StrictMath, though, as StrictMath.sqrt(double) is implemented as follows:

public static native double sqrt(double a);

所以它实际上只是一个本机调用，可能在Java的不同平台上实现不同。

So it's really just a native call and might be implemented differently on different platforms by Java.

但是，正如 StrictMath 的文档所述：

However, as the documentation of StrictMath states:

为了帮助确保Java程序的可移植性，此程序包中某些数字函数的定义要求它们产生与某些已发布算法相同的结果。这些算法可以从着名的网络库 netlib 获得，作为Freely Distributable Math Library软件包， fdlibm 。然后，这些以C编程语言编写的算法将被理解为遵循Java浮点算法规则的所有浮点运算来执行。

To help ensure portability of Java programs, the definitions of some of the numeric functions in this package require that they produce the same results as certain published algorithms. These algorithms are available from the well-known network library netlib as the package "Freely Distributable Math Library," fdlibm. These algorithms, which are written in the C programming language, are then to be understood as executed with all floating-point operations following the rules of Java floating-point arithmetic.

Java数学库是根据fdlibm 5.3版定义的。如果fdlibm为函数提供了多个定义（例如acos），请使用IEEE 754核心函数版本（驻留在名称以字母e开头的文件中）。需要fdlibm语义的方法是sin，cos，tan，asin，acos，atan，exp，log，log10，cbrt，atan2，pow，sinh，cosh，tanh，hypot，expm1和log1p。

The Java math library is defined with respect to fdlibm version 5.3. Where fdlibm provides more than one definition for a function (such as acos), use the "IEEE 754 core function" version (residing in a file whose name begins with the letter e). The methods which require fdlibm semantics are sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, exp, log, log10, cbrt, atan2, pow, sinh, cosh, tanh, hypot, expm1, and log1p.

因此，通过查找 fdlibm 源的相应版本，您还应该找到所使用的确切实现Java（以及此处的规范强制要求）。

So by finding the appropriate version of the fdlibm source, you should also find the exact implementation used by Java (and mandated by the specification here).

fdlibm 使用的实现是

static const double one = 1.0, tiny=1.0e-300;

double z;
int sign = (int) 0x80000000; 
unsigned r, t1, s1, ix1, q1;
int ix0, s0, q, m, t, i;

ix0 = __HI(x); /* high word of x */
ix1 = __LO(x); /* low word of x */

/* take care of Inf and NaN */
if ((ix0 & 0x7ff00000) == 0x7ff00000) {            
    return x*x+x; /* sqrt(NaN) = NaN, 
                     sqrt(+inf) = +inf,
                     sqrt(-inf) = sNaN */
} 

/* take care of zero */
if (ix0 <= 0) {
    if (((ix0&(~sign)) | ix1) == 0) {
        return x; /* sqrt(+-0) = +-0 */
    } else if (ix0 < 0) {
        return (x-x) / (x-x); /* sqrt(-ve) = sNaN */
    }
}

/* normalize x */
m = (ix0 >> 20);
if (m == 0) { /* subnormal x */
    while (ix0==0) {
        m -= 21;
        ix0 |= (ix1 >> 11); ix1 <<= 21;
    }
    for (i=0; (ix0&0x00100000)==0; i++) {
        ix0 <<= 1;
    }
    m -= i-1;
    ix0 |= (ix1 >> (32-i));
    ix1 <<= i;
}

m -= 1023; /* unbias exponent */
ix0 = (ix0&0x000fffff)|0x00100000;
if (m&1) { /* odd m, double x to make it even */
    ix0 += ix0 + ((ix1&sign) >> 31);
    ix1 += ix1;
}

m >>= 1; /* m = [m/2] */

/* generate sqrt(x) bit by bit */
ix0 += ix0 + ((ix1 & sign)>>31);
ix1 += ix1;
q = q1 = s0 = s1 = 0; /* [q,q1] = sqrt(x) */
r = 0x00200000; /* r = moving bit from right to left */

while (r != 0) {
    t = s0 + r; 
    if (t <= ix0) { 
        s0 = t+r; 
        ix0 -= t; 
        q += r; 
    } 
    ix0 += ix0 + ((ix1&sign)>>31);
    ix1 += ix1;
    r>>=1;
}

r = sign;
while (r != 0) {
    t1 = s1+r; 
    t = s0;
    if ((t<ix0) || ((t == ix0) && (t1 <= ix1))) { 
        s1 = t1+r;
        if (((t1&sign) == sign) && (s1 & sign) == 0) {
            s0 += 1;
        }
        ix0 -= t;
        if (ix1 < t1) {
            ix0 -= 1;
        }
        ix1 -= t1;
        q1  += r;
    }
    ix0 += ix0 + ((ix1&sign) >> 31);
    ix1 += ix1;
    r >>= 1;
}

/* use floating add to find out rounding direction */
if((ix0 | ix1) != 0) {
    z = one - tiny; /* trigger inexact flag */
    if (z >= one) {
        z = one+tiny;
        if (q1 == (unsigned) 0xffffffff) { 
            q1=0; 
            q += 1;
        }
    } else if (z > one) {
        if (q1 == (unsigned) 0xfffffffe) {
            q+=1;
        }
        q1+=2; 
    } else
        q1 += (q1&1);
    }
}

ix0 = (q>>1) + 0x3fe00000;
ix1 =  q 1>> 1;
if ((q&1) == 1) ix1 |= sign;
ix0 += (m <<20);
__HI(z) = ix0;
__LO(z) = ix1;
return z;

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