urlencode（）'星号'（星号？）字符 [英] urlencode() the 'asterisk' (star?) character

问题描述

我正在测试 PHP urlencode（）与 Java java.net .URLEncoder.encode（）。

Java

String all = "";
for (int i = 32; i < 256; ++i) {
    all += (char) i;
}

System.out.println("All characters:         -||" + all + "||-");
try {
    System.out.println("Encoded characters:     -||" + URLEncoder.encode(all, "utf8") + "||-");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

PHP

$all = "";
for($i = 32; $i < 256; ++$i)
{
    $all = $all.chr($i);
}

echo($all.PHP_EOL);
echo(urlencode(utf8_encode($all)).PHP_EOL);

除了'星号'字符外，所有字符似乎都以相同的方式编码。它不是由Java编码的，而是由PHP翻译成％2A。哪个行为应该是'正确的'，如果有的话？

All characters seem to be encoded in the same way with both functions, except for the 'asterisk' character that is not encoded by Java, and translated to %2A by PHP. Which behaviour is supposed to be the 'right' one, if any?

注意：我试过 rawurlencode（），也 - 没有运气。

Note: I tried with rawurlencode(), too - no luck.

推荐答案

可以 * 在URL中，（但也可以以编码形式使用它）。

It is okay to have a * in a URL, (but it is also okay to have it in its encoded form).

RFC1738：统一资源定位符（URL）指出以下内容：

保留：

[...]

通常是网址当八位字节是由字符表示的
和编码时，它具有相同的解释。但是，对于保留字符，这不是
true：编码为
特定方案保留的字符可能会更改URL的语义。

Usually a URL has the same interpretation when an octet is represented by a character and when it encoded. However, this is not true for reserved characters: encoding a character reserved for a particular scheme may change the semantics of a URL.

因此，只有字母数字，特殊字符$ -_。+！*'（）， ，
保留字符用于他们的保留目的可以在网址中使用
未编码。

Thus, only alphanumerics, the special characters "$-_.+!*'(),", and reserved characters used for their reserved purposes may be used unencoded within a URL.

另一方面，不需要的字符要编码
（包括字母数字）可以在URL的特定于方案的
部分内编码，只要它们不用于保留的
目的。 / p>

On the other hand, characters that are not required to be encoded (including alphanumerics) may be encoded within the scheme-specific part of a URL, as long as they are not being used for a reserved purpose.

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