处理 - 具有面向对象的编程问题 [英] processing - Having Object Oriented programming issues

问题描述

所以基本上，我的目标是创建像MS Paint软件这样的程序，我可以用鼠标拖动绘制形状并改变颜色。这是我的一个很长的剧本。我对OOP相当新，所以我在努力使所有功能协同工作时遇到了困难。

So basically, my aim it to create a program like the MS Paint software, where I can draw shapes with mouse dragging and change its colors. This is a very long script of mine. I'm fairly new to OOP so I am having difficulties trying to make all the functions to work together.

Main

Button button1, button2, button3, button4, button5, button6, button7;
Rect rect;
Circle circle;
int mode = 1;

void setup() {
    size(900,600);
    smooth();
    rect = new Rect(0,0,0,0, new PImage());
    circle = new Circle(0,0,0,0, new PImage());
    color gray = color(234);
    color black = color(0);
    color white  = color(255);
    color red = color(255,0,0);
    color green = color(0,255,0);
    color blue = color(0,0,255);

    button1 = new Button(10, 60, 20, white, gray, black); //draw rectangle function
    button2 = new Button(10, 100, 20, white, gray, black); //draw circle function
    button3 = new Button(10, 140, 20, red, gray, black); //option of color red
    button4 = new Button(10, 160, 20, green, gray, black); //option of color green
    button5 = new Button(10, 180, 20, blue, gray, black); //option of color blue
    button6 = new Button(10, 220, 20, black, gray, black); //fill entire shape
    button7 = new Button(10, 240, 20, white, gray, black); //fill nothing
}

void draw() {
    button1.setp();
    button2.setp();
}

void mousePressed() {
    if (button1.press()) { mode = 1; }
    if (button2.press()) { mode = 2; }
    if (button3.press()) { mode = 3; }
    if (button4.press()) { mode = 4; }
    if (button5.press()) { mode = 5; }
    if (button6.press()) { mode = 6; }
    if (button7.press()) { mode = 7; }
}

void manageButtons() {
    button1.update();
    button2.update();
    button3.update();
    button4.update();
    button5.update();
    button6.update();
    button7.update();

    button1.display();
    button2.display();
    button3.display();
    button4.display();
    button5.display();
    button6.display();
    button7.display();
}

void mouseReleased() {
    button1.release();
    button2.release();
    button3.release();
    button4.release();
    button5.release();
    button6.release();
    button7.release();
}

void mouseDragged() {
    //rect.drag();
}

按钮等级

class Button {
    int x, y; // the x- and y-coordinate
    int size; // dimension (width & height)
    color baseGray; // Default gray value
    color overGray; // Value when the mouse is over
    color pressGray; // Value when the mouse is pressed
    boolean over = false; // true when the mouse is over
    boolean pressed = false;// true when pressed 

    Button(int xp, int yp, int s, color b, color o, color p) {
        x = xp;
        y = yp;
        size = s;
        baseGray = b;
        overGray = o;
        pressGray = p;
    }

    void setp() {
        background(255);
        manageButtons();
        //stroke();
        if (mode == 1) {
            rect.drawing();
        } else if (mode == 2) {
            circle.drawing();
        }
    }

    void update() {
        if ((mouseX >= x) && (mouseX <= x + size) && (mouseY >= y) && (mouseY <= y + size)) {
            over = true;
        } else {
            over = false;
        }
    }

    boolean press() {
        if (over) {
            pressed = true;
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    void release() {
        pressed = false;
        rect.release();
        circle.release();
    }

    void display() {
        if (pressed) {
            fill(pressGray);
        } else if (over) {
            fill(overGray);
        } else {
            fill(baseGray);
        }

        stroke(0);
        rect(x, y, size, size);
    }
}

圈级

class Circle {
    int x, y;
    int xp, yp;
    PImage a;

    Circle(int dragx, int dragy, int movex, int movey, PImage image) {
        x = dragx;
        y = dragy;
        xp = movex;
        yp = movey;
        a = image;
    }

    void display() {
        smooth();
        background(255);
        a = get();
        stroke(0);
        fill(255); //255,255,10);
    }

    void drawing() {
        image(a, 0, 0); //background(a);
        float sizex = xp - x;
        float sizey = yp - y;
        if (mousePressed && mouseButton == LEFT) {
            ellipse(x, y, sizex, sizey);
        }
    }

    void press() {
        x = mouseX;
        y = mouseY;
    }

    void release() {
        xp = mouseX;
        yp = mouseY;
        noLoop();
        a = get();
        loop();
    }

    void drag() {
        xp = 80 + mouseX;
        yp = 80 + mouseY;
    }
}

矩形类

class Rect {
    int x, y;
    int xp, yp;
    PImage a;

    Rect(int dragx, int dragy, int movex, int movey, PImage image) {
        x = dragx;
        y = dragy;
        xp = movex;
        yp = movey;
        a = image;
    }

    void display() {
        smooth();
        background(255);
        a = get();
        stroke(0);
        fill(255); //255,255,10);
    }

    void drawing() {
        image(a, 0, 0); //background(a);
        float sizex = xp - x;
        float sizey = yp - y;
        if (mousePressed && mouseButton == LEFT) {
            rect(x, y, sizex, sizey);
        }
    }

    void press() {
        x = mouseX;
        y = mouseY;
    }

    void release() {
        xp = mouseX;
        yp = mouseY;
        noLoop();
        a = get();
        loop();
    }

    void drag() {
        xp = mouseX;
        yp = mouseY;
    }
}

使用上面的处理脚本（java），我是使用我创建的按钮让矩形和圆圈类正确有问题。按钮1应该绘制矩形，按钮2应该绘制圆圈（到目前为止，只有这些功能可以工作。我还需要为它们应用颜色）。

With the above processing script (java), I am having issues getting the rectangle and circle classes to work properly with the buttons I have created. Button 1 is supposed to draw rectangles and button 2 is supposed to draw circles (so far, only these functions are supposed to work. I also need to apply colors to them).

我知道矩形和圆形类正确因为我在将所有内容放在一起之前已经单独测试过它们。按钮（功能）工作但不正确（我应该使用鼠标将形状拖动到任何所需的位置，而这个程序只允许他们出现我放置它们的地方，而且只能从角落，好像我只是从x和y位置（0,0）拉伸形状。我唯一的问题是我似乎无法正确地将按钮加入到形状函数中，并使它们一起工作。

I know the rectangle and circle classes work properly because I had tested them separately prior to putting everything together. The buttons (functions) work but not correctly (I am supposed to use the mouse to drag the shapes into any desired place, while this program only allows them to appear where I place them and only from the corner, as if I'm only stretching the shapes from x and y position (0,0)). My sole problem is that I can't seem to join the buttons to the shape function correctly, and make them all work together.

推荐答案

如果不看主要方法，很难评估代码的正确性。你的'main'类的设置方式似乎是方法mousePressed（）用于轮询按钮并根据状态设置绘图模式。

It is hard to evaluate the correctness of your code without seeing the main method. Your 'main' class is set up in such a way that it appears the method mousePressed() is intended to poll the buttons and set the drawing mode based on their state.

我不可能知道你是否正确地轮询按钮，但是没有查看主要方法。

It is impossible for me to know if you are polling the buttons correctly, however, without viewing the main method.

如果你想使用面向对象的方法，您将要使用观察者模式。本质上，您的按钮都将引用具有buttonClicked（Button btn）方法的main对象。单击一个按钮时，它会运行'main'对象的buttonClicked（Button btn）方法。提供的参数将是对单击按钮的引用，以便main可以选择要使用的适当模式。演示代码如下：

If you are looking to use an Object-Oriented approach, you are going to want to use the Observer pattern. In essence, your buttons will all have a reference to the 'main' object which has a buttonClicked(Button btn) method. When a button is clicked, it runs the 'main' object's buttonClicked(Button btn) method. The argument provided will be a reference to the button that is clicked so that the main can choose the appropriate mode to use. Demo code follows:

在主类中：

//Give the button a reference to the main object
button1 = new button(this);

//receive notifications from the button
public buttonClicked(Button btn) {
    if(btn.equals(button1))
        mode = 1;
    if(...)
        ...
}

这篇关于处理 - 具有面向对象的编程问题的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！