等待页面元素（xpath）在Selenium Webdriver中显示的最有效方法是什么？ [英] What is the most efficient way to wait for a page element (xpath) to show up in Selenium Webdriver?

问题描述

我正在使用Java和Selenium Webdriver来测试单页Web应用程序的功能。

I am using Java and Selenium Webdriver in order to test the functionalities of a single page web application.

因此，很明显，元素被注入和删除动态地使用DOM。

For this reason, clearly, elements are injected and removed from the DOM dynamically.

我知道我可以使用类似的代码使用WebDriverWait等待元素存在于DOM中（我编写的非常简洁的模板稍微改变了 GitHub ）：

I know I can wait for an element to be present in the DOM using similar code that is using WebDriverWait (very neat template I wrote slightly changing GitHub):

public void waitForElement() throws Exception {
    /*
    Inject the following snippet in any web page to test the method
    <button class="i-am-your-class" onclick="alert('Wow, you pressed the button!');">Press me</button>
     */
    System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Mozilla Firefox\\geckodriver.exe");
    WebDriver driver = getDriver();
    WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10); // 10 can be reduced as per Test Specifications
    driver.get("http://www.google.com");
    WebElement response = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//*[@class='i-am-your-class']")));
    response.click();
    System.out.println("*****************************************************************************");
    System.out.println(response);
    System.out.println(response.getText());

    driver.close();
}

我想知道的是，这也是更有效的方式使用xpath获得这样的结果。

What I would like to know is if this is also the more efficient way to obtain such result using an xpath.

我一直在研究Stackoverflow，有几个答案指向类似的方向，但没有答案专注于效率/性能：

I have been researching on Stackoverflow and several answers point in a similar direction but no answer is focused on efficiency / performances:

• WebDriver - 等待使用Java的元素


• Selenium WebDriver：当使用WebDriver.findElement定位时，等待元素存在

• WebDriver - wait for element using Java
• Selenium WebDriver: wait for element to be present when locating with WebDriver.findElement is impossible

感谢您的时间和帮助。

推荐答案

您需要考虑以下几个事实：如下：

There are a couple of facts which you need to consider as follows :

• WebDriverWait（） 100 不应该是一名实时服务员。请考虑根据测试规范减少它。例如，将其设置为10秒：

• WebDriverWait() for 100 shouldn't be a real-time waiter. Consider reducing it as per the Test Specifications. As an example, set it as 10 seconds :

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);

在调用时向前移动click（）方法而不是 ExpectedConditions 而不是 visibilityOfElementLocated（）方法使用 elementToBeClickable （） 方法如下：

Moving forward as you are invoking click() method so instead of ExpectedConditions as visibilityOfElementLocated() method use elementToBeClickable() method as follows :

WebElement response = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("//*[@class='i-am-your-class']")));

优化 xpath ，包括 tagName 如 By.xpath（// tagName [@ class ='i-am-your-class']）。例如：

By.xpath("//a[@class='i-am-your-class']")

优化代码以调用 click（）一旦元素通过 WebDriverWait 返回，如下所示：

Optimize your code to invoke click() as soon as the element is returned through WebDriverWait as follows :

new WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("//a[@class='i-am-your-class']"))).click();

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