有没有Phrase head finder？ [英] Is there any Phrase head finder?

问题描述

我有一些我要解析的句子。这就是我拥有的和我需要的东西：我有这样的句子：

I have some sentences that I want to parse. Here is what I have and what I need: I have sentences like these:

我在医院。

I was in the hospital.

我要从家到加拿大。

我想要的是要知道在医院，从家里和到加拿大这些短语的负责人。

What I want is to know the head of "in the hospital", "from home", and "to Canada" phrases.

我正在使用Berkley解析器，但它给我的是所有句子的解析结果，如果我想手动提取短语的头部，我应该开发另一个解析器！我要解析的文件是一个非常大的文件，所以如果我自己开发一个解析器，它可能会有很多错误。是否有任何解析器可以提供我正在寻找的结果？

I am using Berkley parser, but what it gives me is the parsing result of all the sentence, and if I want to extract the head of phrases manually, I should develop another parser! The file that I want to parse is a very big file, so if I develop a parser myself, it may have many errors. Is there any parser that can give me the result I am looking for?

顺便说一句，分别解析短语可能会导致与句子解析相比不同的解析，我坚持解析句子，然后提取短语头。

By the way, as parsing the phrases separately, may result in a different parsing compared with sentence parsing, I insist on parsing the sentences and then extract the phrase heads.

推荐答案

S tanford Parser 和 OpenNLP 解析器将为您提供词性和依赖关系信息，你可以用它来确定短语的头部

The Stanford Parser and the OpenNLP parsers will give you Part-of-Speech and dependency information, which you can use to determine the head of phrases

例如，使用斯坦福解析器，你会得到：

For example, using the Stanford parser, you would get:

(S
  (NP (PRP I))
  (VP (VBD was)
      (PP (IN in)
          (NP (DT the)
              (NN hospital)))))

其中告诉你句子（S）由名词短语（NP）和动词短语（VP）组成;动词短语是动词（V *）+介词短语（PP），它是中的介词和名词短语;第二个名词短语是一个限定词（DT）和一个名词（NN）。

Which tells you that the sentence (S) consists of a noun-phrase (NP) and a verb-phrase (VP); the verb-phrase is a verb (V*) + prepositional phrase (PP), which is the preposition in and a noun-phrase; the second noun-phrase is a determiner (DT) and a noun (NN).

如果我理解了这个问题，你正在寻找名词短语的头部（可能还有动词短语）。您可以从此信息中识别头部，但解析器也会为您提供以下依赖项信息：

If I understand the question properly, you are looking for the heads of noun-phrases (and possibly the verb-phrases). You can identify the head from this information already, but the parser gives you the following dependency information as well:

nsubj(was, I)
prep_in(was, hospital)
det(hospital, the)

这告诉你是和 I 这些词是名义主题 nsubj 的关系（我是动词 ）的主题;单词 和医院处于in介词（ prep-in ）关系中;单词hospital和the属于限定词（ det ）。使用先前的解析和依赖性信息，您可以判断第一个名词短语的头部是I（平凡），第二个名词短语的头部是医院（因为它是顶部）名词短语中关系的元素）

This tells you that the words was and I are in an nominal-subject nsubj relationship (I is the subject of the verb was); the words was and hospital are in an "in" preposition (prep-in) relationship; the words "hospital" and "the" are in a determiner (det) relationship. Using the previous parsing and the dependency information, you can tell that the head of the first noun-phrase is "I" (trivial), and the head of the second noun-phrase is "hospital" (as that is the "top" element of the relations within the noun-phrase)

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