org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException：转发新会话时出错无法找到：功能 [英] org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Error forwarding the new session cannot find : Capabilities

问题描述

集线器启动命令：

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.11.0.jar -role hub

节点启动命令：

java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=/Users/alina/Selenium/chromedriver.exe  -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.11.0.jar -role webdriver -hub http://192.168.100.4:4444/grid/register/

环境详细信息（从评论中更新）：Selenium 3.11.0，Chrome 66， ChromeDriver 2.38

Environment Details (updated from comments) : Selenium 3.11.0, Chrome 66, ChromeDriver 2.38

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;

public class TestGrid {
 static WebDriver driver;
 static String nodeUrl;

public static void main(String[] args)
{

try {

    nodeUrl = "http://192.168.100.4:4444/wd/hub";
    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
    capabilities.setPlatform(Platform.SIERRA);
    driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(nodeUrl), capabilities);
    driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
    driver.manage().window().maximize();
    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(45, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    driver.get("http://www.amazon.com");
    driver.findElement(By.linkText("Today's Deals")).click();


} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

}

当我尝试运行它时，我收到此错误：

When I try to run it, I get this error:

Apr 24, 2018 4:14:34 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities chrome
INFO: Using `new ChromeOptions()` is preferred to    `DesiredCapabilities.chrome()`
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Error forwarding the new session cannot find : Capabilities {browserName: chrome, platform: macOS 10.12, version: }
Command duration or timeout: 90 milliseconds
Build info: version: '3.11.0', revision: 'e59cfb3', time: '2018-03-11T20:33:08.638Z'
System info: host: 'Alinas-MacBook-Pro.local', ip: '2a02:2f0e:1a0:5d9:95f0:9fb4:dfea:28c7%en0', os.name: 'Mac OS X', os.arch: 'x86_64', os.version: '10.13.4', java.version: '10.0.1'
Driver info: driver.version: RemoteWebDriver
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:488)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:214)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:166)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.JsonWireProtocolResponse.lambda$new$0(JsonWireProtocolResponse.java:53)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.JsonWireProtocolResponse.lambda$getResponseFunction$2(JsonWireProtocolResponse.java:91)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.lambda$createSession$0(ProtocolHandshake.java:123)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:195)
at java.base/java.util.Spliterators$ArraySpliterator.tryAdvance(Spliterators.java:958)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEachWithCancel(ReferencePipeline.java:127)
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyIntoWithCancel(AbstractPipeline.java:502)
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:488)
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
at java.base/java.util.stream.FindOps$FindOp.evaluateSequential(FindOps.java:150)
at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.findFirst(ReferencePipeline.java:543)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:126)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:73)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:136)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:545)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:209)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:132)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:145)
at grid.TestGrid.main(TestGrid.java:26)
Caused by: org.openqa.grid.common.exception.GridException: Error forwarding the new session cannot find : Capabilities {browserName: chrome, platform: macOS 10.12, version: }
at org.openqa.grid.web.servlet.handler.RequestHandler.process(RequestHandler.java:118)
at org.openqa.grid.web.servlet.DriverServlet.process(DriverServlet.java:86)
at org.openqa.grid.web.servlet.DriverServlet.doPost(DriverServlet.java:70)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:707)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:790)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.servlet.ServletHolder.handle(ServletHolder.java:860)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.servlet.ServletHandler.doHandle(ServletHandler.java:535)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextHandle(ScopedHandler.java:188)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.session.SessionHandler.doHandle(SessionHandler.java:1595)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextHandle(ScopedHandler.java:188)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ContextHandler.doHandle(ContextHandler.java:1253)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextScope(ScopedHandler.java:168)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.servlet.ServletHandler.doScope(ServletHandler.java:473)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.session.SessionHandler.doScope(SessionHandler.java:1564)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextScope(ScopedHandler.java:166)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ContextHandler.doScope(ContextHandler.java:1155)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.ScopedHandler.handle(ScopedHandler.java:141)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:132)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.Server.handle(Server.java:530)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.HttpChannel.handle(HttpChannel.java:347)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.server.HttpConnection.onFillable(HttpConnection.java:256)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.io.AbstractConnection$ReadCallback.succeeded(AbstractConnection.java:279)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.io.FillInterest.fillable(FillInterest.java:102)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.io.ChannelEndPoint$2.run(ChannelEndPoint.java:124)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.util.thread.strategy.EatWhatYouKill.doProduce(EatWhatYouKill.java:247)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.util.thread.strategy.EatWhatYouKill.produce(EatWhatYouKill.java:140)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.util.thread.strategy.EatWhatYouKill.run(EatWhatYouKill.java:131)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.util.thread.ReservedThreadExecutor$ReservedThread.run(ReservedThreadExecutor.java:382)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool.runJob(QueuedThreadPool.java:708)
at org.seleniumhq.jetty9.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool$2.run(QueuedThreadPool.java:626)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:844)

有谁知道我做错了什么？

Does anyone know what am I doing wrong?

推荐答案

此错误信息......

This error message...

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: Error forwarding the new session cannot find : Capabilities {browserName: chrome, platform: macOS 10.12, version: }

...暗示 ChromeDriver 不是'能够启动与WebClient的有效连接，即 Chrome 浏览器。

...implies that the ChromeDriver wasn't able to initiate an active connection with the WebClient i.e Chrome browser.

您的主要问题是版本兼容性您正在使用的二进制文件之间如下：

Your main issue is the version compatibility between the binaries you are using as follows :

• 您正在使用 chromedriver = 2.36

明确发布 chromedriver = 2.36 的说明提到以下内容：

支持 Chrome v63-65

• 您使用的是 chrome = 66.0


• ChromeDriver v2.38 的发行说明明确提及以下内容：






支持 Chrome v65-67

因此 ChromeDriver 版本（ v2.36 ）与< v2.36 之间明显不匹配em> Chrome浏览器版本（ v66.0 ）

So there is a clear mismatch between the ChromeDriver version (v2.36) and the Chrome Browser version (v66.0)



• 将 ChromeDriver 升级到当前 ChromeDriver v2.38 级别。


• 将 Chrome 版本保留在 Chrome v66 .x 级别。 （根据ChromeDriver v2.38发行说明）


• 通过 IDE 清除您的项目工作区，重建项目，只需要具有必需的依赖项。


• 使用 CCleaner 工具擦除关闭执行测试套件之前和之后的所有OS事务。


• 如果您的基本 Web客户端版本太旧，然后通过 Revo Uninstaller 卸载它并安装最近的GA并发布 Web客户端的版本。


• 参加系统重启。


• 执行您的 @Test 。


• Upgrade ChromeDriver to current ChromeDriver v2.38 level.
• Keep Chrome version at Chrome v66.x levels. (as per ChromeDriver v2.38 release notes)
• Clean your Project Workspace through your IDE and Rebuild your project with required dependencies only.
• Use CCleaner tool to wipe off all the OS chores before and after the execution of your test Suite.
• If your base Web Client version is too old, then uninstall it through Revo Uninstaller and install a recent GA and released version of Web Client.
• Take a System Reboot.
• Execute your @Test.

根据你的问题更新国王与 Selenium 3.x 你需要用节点替换关键字 webdriver 并删除扩展名（ .exe < WebDriver 变体的/ code>）如下：

As per your question update while working with Selenium 3.x you need to replace the keyword webdriver with node and remove the extension (.exe) of the WebDriver variant as follows :




• Mac OS X ：

java -Dwebdriver.chrome.driver=/Users/alina/Selenium/chromedriver -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.11.0.jar -role node -hub http://192.168.100.4:4444/grid/register/




当你仍然面临同样的错误让我们解决错误：

As you are still facing the same error let us address the error :

Using `new ChromeOptions()` is preferred to    `DesiredCapabilities.chrome()`

根据错误消息，您需要使用 合并（） 方法nofollow noreferrer> MutableCapabilities 将 DesiredCapabilities 类型的对象合并到 ChromeOptions 类型对象并启动 RemoteWebDriver <的类/ em>和 WebClient 实例通过传递 ChromeOptions 对象，如下所示：

As per the error message you need to use the merge() method from MutableCapabilities Class to merge the DesiredCapabilities type of object into ChromeOptions type object and initiate the RemoteWebDriver and WebClient instance by passing the ChromeOptions object as follows :

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "/Users/username/chromedriver");
nodeUrl = "http://192.168.100.4:4444/wd/hub";
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
capabilities.setPlatform(Platform.SIERRA);
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.merge(capabilities);
driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(nodeUrl), options);
driver.get("http://www.amazon.com");

PS：作为参考，您可以查看 mutablecapabilities 标记

PS : As a reference you can have a look at the discussions in mutablecapabilities tag

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