如何构建一个Spring Boot jar文件，systemd可以直接作为服务执行？ [英] How do I build a Spring Boot jarfile that systemd can execute directly as a service?

问题描述

如何构建一个Spring引导jar文件， systemd 可以直接作为服务执行？

How do I build a Spring Boot jarfile that systemd can directly execute as a service?

按照 作为systemd服务安装 ，我创建了以下systemd服务直接执行Spring Boot jar文件：

[Unit]
Description=CRS Self-certification Service
Documentation=
Requires=postgresql.service
After=postgresql.service

[Service]
Environment=LOADER_PATH='lib/,config/,/etc/opes/crs/selfcertification'
ExecStart=/opt/opes/crs/selfcertification/crs-selfcertification-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
Restart=always
RestartSec=10
User=crs

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

但是，当启动此服务时，systemd会抱怨jarfile不可执行：

However, when starting this service, systemd complains that the jarfile is not executable:

Nov 29 10:57:59 ubuntu systemd[24109]: selfcertification.service: Failed at step EXEC spawning /opt/opes/crs/selfcertification/crs-selfcertification-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar: Exec format error
Nov 29 10:57:59 ubuntu systemd[1]: selfcertification.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=203/EXEC
Nov 29 10:57:59 ubuntu systemd[1]: selfcertification.service: Unit entered failed state.
Nov 29 10:57:59 ubuntu systemd[1]: selfcertification.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.

jarfile的权限是 755 （可由所有人执行）：

The permissions of the jarfile are 755 (executable by all):

administrator@ubuntu:~$ ls -la /opt/opes/crs/selfcertification/crs-selfcertification-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
-rwxr-xr-x 1 crs selfcertification 35978778 Nov 22 17:16 /opt/opes/crs/selfcertification/crs-selfcertification-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar

我必须对以下Gradle构建脚本进行哪些更改才能为systemd服务构建可执行jar文件？

What changes must I make to the following Gradle build script in order to build an executable jarfile for the systemd service?

buildscript {
    ext {
        springBootVersion = '1.4.2.RELEASE'
    }
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
    }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'

jar {
    baseName = 'crs-selfcertification'
    version = '1.0.0-SNAPSHOT'
}

sourceCompatibility = 1.8
targetCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

springBoot {
    mainClass = "com.opessoftware.crs.selfcertification.Application"
    layout = "ZIP"
}

dependencies {
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf")
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa")
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-mail")
    testCompile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test")
    compile group: 'org.postgresql', name: 'postgresql', version: '9.4.1208.jre7'
    compile group: 'org.apache.commons', name: 'commons-dbcp2', version: '2.1.1'
    compile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'

}

请注意，如果不是尝试运行，此服务会成功运行jarfile直接，systemd而不是从shell脚本使用Java虚拟机（JVM）启动它：

Note that this service runs successfully if instead of trying to run the jarfile directly, systemd instead launches it using the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) from a shell script:

[Unit]
Description=CRS Self-certification Service
Documentation=
Requires=postgresql.service
After=postgresql.service

[Service]
Environment=LOADER_PATH='lib/,config/,/etc/opes/crs/selfcertification'
#ExecStart=/opt/opes/crs/selfcertification/crs-selfcertification-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
ExecStart=/opt/opes/crs/selfcertification/startCrsSelfCertification
Restart=always
RestartSec=10
User=crs

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Shell脚本 / opt / opes / crs / selfcertification / startCrsSelfCertification 使用JVM调用jarfile：

Shell script /opt/opes/crs/selfcertification/startCrsSelfCertification invokes the jarfile using the JVM:

#!/bin/sh

java -Dloader.path='lib/,config/,/etc/opes/crs/selfcertification' -jar /opt/opes/crs/selfcertification/crs-selfcertification-1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar

Spring Boot jarfile中可能缺少哪些东西阻止systemd直接执行jar文件？

What might be missing from the Spring Boot jarfile that prevents systemd from executing the jarfile directly?

推荐答案

您应该指示Spring Boot将您的项目重新打包为完全可执行的形式：

You should instruct Spring Boot to repackage your project into the fully executable form:

springBoot {
    executable = true
}

此功能仅适用于Spring Boot 1.4.0 +。

and this feature is only available for Spring Boot 1.4.0+.

请参阅 http：// docs。 spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/build-tool-plugins-gradle-plugin.html#build-tool-plugins-gradle-repackage-configuration了解更多信息。

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