如何为我的raspberry pi的wifi加密狗安装驱动程序？ [英] How do I install the drivers for my raspberry pi's wifi dongle?
问题描述
我有一个很好的资源CD，带有 setup.exe 以及大量驱动程序和其他文件，但在Linux Drivers文件夹中只有一个URL，它允许您下载解压缩到 .img 文件的文件。
现在，linux世界中的每个人对于如何处理文件都有不同的想法或技巧。有人说挂载它，有人说从中提取文件。如果我找不到它们，我会怎么处理它？我唯一能想到的就是在安装Rasbian之前将它们放在启动SD卡上的驱动程序的特殊位置，以便安装程序知道该怎么做，或者在安装操作系统后将它们放在卡上的某个特殊位置。 br />
所以，我问你，我该如何处理它们，或者更确切地说是 .img 文件。
我尝试了什么：
我经历了无数次教程和示例，配置 wlan0 ，基本上是什么使用wifi加密狗，没有任何效果。你会认为应该有一个驱动程序和所有，你只是去apt-get install wifi.dongle，但没有siree。有一些apt-gets，但没有任何关系 - 直接 - 加密狗本身。看起来Pi似乎没有看到它。
I have a nice "Resource CD", with a setup.exe and loads of drivers and other file, but in the Linux Drivers folder there is just a URL, which lets you download a file that unzips to an .img file.
Now every person in the linux world has a different idea or technique for what to do with the file. Some say mount it, some say extract files from it. What would I do with them if I couldn't find them? The only thing I can think of is to put them somewhere special for drivers on the boot SD card, either before installing Rasbian, so the installer knows what to do, or put them in some special place on the card after installing the OS.
So, I ask you, what do I do with them, or rather it, the .img file.
What I have tried:
I've gone through umpteen tutorials and examples, to configure wlan0, essentially what uses the wifi dongle, and nothing worked. You would think there should be a driver and all, and you just go apt-get install wifi.dongle, but no siree. There were a few apt-gets, but nothing to do - directly - with the dongle itself. It looks like the Pi just doesn't see it.
推荐答案
在Linux中，驱动程序与使用的内核相关。这意味着必须为正在使用的特定内核构建驱动程序二进制文件。
因此，Linux发行版已包含许多硬件的驱动程序。
但是当使用您的发行版不支持的全新或异国情调的硬件时会出现问题。比你有两个选择：
With Linux, drivers are related to the used kernel. That means that the driver binary has to be build for the specific kernel in use.
Therefore, Linux distributions include already drivers for many hardware.
But problems arise when using a brand new or exotic hardware that is not supported by your distribution. Than you have two options:
- 为内核构建驱动程序。
- 使用硬件制造商提供的图像。
第一个选项需要一些关于Linux内核和模块的知识，以及所需的实用程序（GCC，make）。例如，参见 http://www.tldp.org/LDP/lkmpg/2.6/html/x181 .html [ ^ ]和编译内核模块 - ArchWiki [ ^ ]。请注意，每次更新内核时都必须重建模块（例如通过Rapsbian更新）。
第二个选项需要安装提供的图像（如果是Raspbian图像）可以通过将其压缩到SD卡来取代现有的Raspbian。这通常不是最佳选择，因为这些图像通常不会经常更新。 Raspbian的更新机制不能用于内核更新，因为它不会更新驱动程序模块。
因此，您应该检查您的特定硬件是否受支持购买前分发。对于Raspberry Pi，请参阅 RPi USB Wi-Fi适配器 - eLinux.org [ ^ ]。
因为你已经拥有它，所以只需将其插入电源关闭时，打开电源，然后检查日志文件 /var/log/kern.log 。如果已加载驱动程序模块或检测到未知设备，它应提供信息。
作为最后的手段，您可以尝试在Web上查找有关硬件的信息。使用Linux和/或Raspberry / Raspbian搜索设备名称。如果上述日志文件包含某些信息（尤其是USB VID和PID或设备名称），也包含该信息或使用它而不是初始使用的设备名称。
The first option requires some knowledge about the Linux kernel and modules, and about the required utilities (GCC, make). See for example http://www.tldp.org/LDP/lkmpg/2.6/html/x181.html[^] and Compile kernel module - ArchWiki[^]. Note that the module must be rebuild each time when updating the kernel (e.g. by a Rapsbian update).
The second option requires installing the provided image (if a Raspbian image is availabe) by coyping it to the SD card which replaces your existing Raspbian. This is often not the best option because such images are usually not often updated. The update mechanism of Raspbian can't be used for kernel updates because that would not update the driver module.
Therefore, you should check if specific hardware is supported by your distribution before buying it. For the Raspberry Pi see RPi USB Wi-Fi Adapters - eLinux.org[^].
Because you have it already, just plug it in when power is off, power on, and check the log file /var/log/kern.log. It should provide information if a driver module has been loaded or an unknown device has been detected.
As last resort you can try to find information in the web about your hardware. Search for the device name with Linux and/or Raspberry / Raspbian. If the above log file contain some information (especially USB VID and PID or a device name) include that too or use it instead of the initial used device name.
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