致命错误C1189：#error：WINDOWS.H已包含在内。 MFC应用程序不得#include [英] fatal error C1189: #error : WINDOWS.H already included. MFC apps must not #include

问题描述

在我的项目中包含一些头文件后，它显示以下错误。当我删除这些语句时，它显示的是'178'数字的批量错误。我检查了哪个是那些包括files.Can任何人帮助我如何删除该错误。

Hi,
In my project after including some header files,it is showing the below error.When I removed those statements it is showing a bulk error of '178' numbers.And I checked which are those including files.Can anyone help me how can I remove that error.

#ifdef _WINDOWS_
#error WINDOWS.H already included.  MFC apps must not #include <windows.h>
#endif

谢谢，

Thanks,

推荐答案

这可能有助于某人。我从UnitTest项目得到了同样的错误。

我将stdafx.h更改为：

This may help someone. I got the same error from a UnitTest project.
I changed my stdafx.h to this:

#include "targetver.h"

#include <afx.h>
#include <afxwin.h>         // MFC core and standard components

// Headers for CppUnitTest
#include "CppUnitTest.h"

// TODO: reference additional headers your program requires here

...和错误去了。

... and the error went.

以下是我用于#include文件的一些规则，可能对您有所帮助：

- 使用预编译的头文件（#include< ; stdafx.h中>中）。这必须是.cpp文件中的第一个包含。它永远不应该在.h文件中。 [我还经常在多项目环境中将文件重命名为特定于项目的项目（例如，util_stdafx.h），以便在某处不包含错误的文件。您可以选择是否执行此操作...]

- stdafx.h文件包含后应立即与您的.cpp文件对应的#include。这样，.h文件将包含正常工作所需的任何内容。

- 在.cpp文件中包含这两个文件后，包括.cpp文件正常运行所需的任何其他内容。

- 编译器附带的头文件称为稳定头。这些应该是stdafx.h中出现的唯一内容，以及这些头文件使用的#defines（例如WIN3​​2_LEAN_AND_MEAN，_WIN32_WINNT等）。如果你在windows上，那么stdafx.h是唯一你应该看到的地方#include< windows.h>

- 头文件中的第一个非空白非注释行应该是#pragma once或保护块定义（或两者）。

Here are some of the rules I use for #include files which might be helpful to you:
- Use precompiled headers ("#include <stdafx.h>"). This must be the first include in your .cpp file. It should never be in a .h file. [I also routinely rename the file to something project specific (eg. util_stdafx.h) in a multi-project environment so that the wrong file is not included somewhere. You can choose whether or not to do this...]
- Immediately after the stdafx.h file include should be the #include corresponding to your .cpp file. This way, the .h file will #include anything it needs to work properly.
- After these 2 includes in your .cpp file, include anything else needed for the .cpp file to run correctly.
- Header files that come with the compiler are called "Stable headers". These should be the only ones that appear in stdafx.h, along with #defines used by these headers (eg. WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN, _WIN32_WINNT etc.). If you are on windows, then stdafx.h is the only place you should see "#include <windows.h>"
- The first non-blank non-comment lines in header files should be either "#pragma once" or guard block definition (or both).

检查`windows.h`可能包含在`stdafx.h`文件中。如果是这样，然后注释`Windows.h`然后检查，错误可能会消失。因为我有同样的问题，我也以同样的方式解决。

Check probably `Windows.h` might be included in your `stdafx.h` file. If so, then comment `Windows.h` and then check, the error may go off. Because I had the same problem I resolve in same way.

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