Apache中的httpd-vhosts.conf和.htacces动态虚拟主机自动化（XAMPP） [英] Automation of Dynamic Virtual Host in Apache httpd-vhosts.conf and .htacces (XAMPP)

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问题描述

我试图建立在我的本地开发机器一定程度的自动化。通常情况下，我开始我的所有项目，像这样

I am trying to set up some automation on my local dev machine. Normally I start all my projects like this

打开Hosts文件，设置如下 127.0.0.1 example.com www.example.com DNS条目 打开的httpd-vhosts.conf 文件并添加一个条目，像这样低于

Open Hosts file, set up a DNS entry like 127.0.0.1 example.com www.example.com Open httpd-vhosts.conf file and add an entry, something like this below

<VirtualHost *>
    DocumentRoot "/path/to/xampp/htdocs/example.com"
    ServerName example.com
    ServerAlias www.example.com
</VirtualHost>

我试图做到的，是建立环境，这样的方式，我不应该在我的的httpd-vhosts.conf添加此项每一次，我想工作在新主机上。

What I am trying to achieve is to set up the environment in such a way that, I shouldn't have add this entry in my httpd-vhosts.conf every time I want to work on a new host.

而我想在的httpd-vhosts.conf ，可以处理所有的域，并把它们映射到各自的目录中一个全局条目

Rather I would like to have one global entry in httpd-vhosts.conf that can handle all the domains and map them to their respective directories

所以，如果我有记录在我的主机列表文件中像这样

so if I have a list of records in my hosts file like this

127.0.0.1 example.com
127.0.0.1 mysite.com
127.0.0.1 google.com
127.0.0.1 abc.com

和这样的文件夹结构

/htdocs/
    /example.com/
    /mysite.com/
    /google.com/
    /abc.com/

它应该会自动映射到这些目录中不添加在的httpd-vhosts.conf的虚拟主机记录的需要文件。

It should automatically map to those directories without the need of adding the VirtualHost record in the httpd-vhosts.conf file.

我可以猜到，这可以通过添加的httpd-vhosts.conf通配符项来实现（我不知道怎么做），然后加入一些重定向规则的.htaccess 文件放在 / htdocs中/ 将它们映射到他们的目录。

I can guess that this can be achieved by adding a wildcard entry in httpd-vhosts.conf (I don't know how) and then adding some redirect rules in .htaccess file placed in /htdocs/ to map them to their directories.

所以最终，

  1. 如何设置在的httpd-vhosts.conf通配符项
  2. 如何设置精确的重写 / htdocs中/
    3. 在的.htaccess 文件规则
  1. How to set up a wildcard entry in httpd-vhosts.conf
  2. How to set up exact rewrite rules in .htaccess file in /htdocs/

这是东西，我想到了，也有可能是一个更好的方式来做到这一点。

This is something that I thought of, there might also be a better way to do this.

推荐答案

通过放置一个星号（ * ）的域名，在那里你通常放在前面 WWW

1. How to set up a wildcard entry in httpd-vhosts.conf

By placing an asterix (*) in front of the domain name, where you'd normally place www

<VirtualHost *>
    DocumentRoot "/path/to/xampp/htdocs/example.com"
    ServerName example.com

    ServerAlias *.example.com

</VirtualHost>

2。如何设置精确的在/ htdocs中/

.htaccess文件重写规则

2. How to set up exact rewrite rules in .htaccess file in /htdocs/

RewriteEngine On
#RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^!example.com #(optional) do not redirect base domain
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} (?(?=[a-z0-9\-\_]+\.[a-z0-9\-\_]{2,}$).+|[a-z0-9\-\_]+\.[a-z0-9\-\_]{2,})$
RewriteRule ^$ http://localhost/%0

所有这些领域：

All those domains:

www.example.com
img.example.com
cdn.example.com
static.img.example.com

将被重定向到 /example.com 。

说明

在什么上面呢，本质上，是需要在最后两个字符串由perdiod分离，将您重定向到新发现的文件夹。

What the above does, essentially, is it takes the last two strings separated by a perdiod and redirects you to the newly found folder.

从技术上看：

这正则表达式使用如果当时|其他模式。如果 1 被发现，然后执行 2 做别的 3

This regex uses if then|else pattern. If 1 is found, then do 2 else do 3.

做一个测试，然后进行以下两个选项之一取决于文本（的结果？（？= [A-Z0-9 -_] + [A-Z0 -9 -_] {2} $）+ |，[A-Z0-9 -_] + [A-Z0-9 -_] {2} $）

        
  1. （如果）断言，下面的正则表达式可以匹配，开始在该位置（正向前查找）（ ？= [A-Z0-9 \ - \ _] + \ [A-Z0-9 \ - \ _] {2} $）         
                  
    • 在匹配单个字符present以下列表[a-Z0-9 \ - \ _] +                 
                            
      • 之间的一个，不限次数，多次越好，回馈在需要（贪婪） +
        •                     
      • 在A和Z AZ 之间的范围内的字符
        •                     
      • 在之间的0范围内的字符和9 0-9
        •                     
      • 系统 - 字符 \ -
        •                     
      • 系统_字符 \ _
        •                 
  1. (IF) Assert that the regex below can be matched, starting at this position (positive lookahead) (?=[a-z0-9\-\_]+\.[a-z0-9\-\_]{2,}$)
    • Match a single character present in the list below [a-z0-9\-\_]+
      • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy) +
      • A character in the range between "a" and "z" a-z
      • A character in the range between "0" and "9" 0-9
      • A - character \-
      • A _ character \_
                        
  • 2至无限次，多次越好，回馈在需要（贪婪） {2}
    •                     
  • 在A和Z AZ 之间的范围内的字符
    •                     
  • 在之间的0范围内的字符和9 0-9
    •                     
  • 系统 - 字符 \ -
    •                     
  • 系统_字符 \ _
    •                 
  • Between 2 and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy) {2,}
  • A character in the range between "a" and "z" a-z
  • A character in the range between "0" and "9" 0-9
  • A - character \-
  • A _ character \_
                
  • 匹配任何单个字符不是一个换行符 +
    •             
  • 之间的一个，不限次数，多次越好，回馈在需要（贪婪） +
    •         
  • Match any single character that is not a line break character .+
  • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy) +
                
  • 在匹配单个字符present以下列表[a-Z0-9 \ - \ _] +
    •             
  • 之间的一个，不限次数，多次越好，回馈在需要（贪婪） +
    •             
  • 在A和Z AZ 之间的范围内的字符
    •             
  • 在之间的0范围内的字符和9 0-9
    •             
  • 系统 - 字符 \ -
    •             
  • 系统_字符 \ _
    •             
  • 匹配字符。从字面上 \
    •             
  • 在匹配单个字符present以下列表[a-Z0-9 \ - \ _] {2}
    •             
  • 2至无限次，多次越好，回馈在需要（贪婪） {2}
    •             
  • 在A和Z AZ 之间的范围内的字符
    •             
  • 在之间的0范围内的字符和9 0-9
    •             
  • 系统 - 字符 \ -
    •             
  • 系统_字符 \ _
    •         
  • Match a single character present in the list below [a-z0-9\-\_]+
  • Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy) +
  • A character in the range between "a" and "z" a-z
  • A character in the range between "0" and "9" 0-9
  • A - character \-
  • A _ character \_
  • Match the character "." literally \.
  • Match a single character present in the list below [a-z0-9\-\_]{2,}
  • Between 2 and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy) {2,}
  • A character in the range between "a" and "z" a-z
  • A character in the range between "0" and "9" 0-9
  • A - character \-
  • A _ character \_

测试套件： 

a.bc
ab.cd
abc.def
ab.cd.ef
12.34
12.34.56
1.2.3.4.5.67
cnn.com
no_country.for.old.men

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