为什么不能将AndroidJUnit4和ActivityTestRule导入到单元测试类中? [英] Why cannot I import AndroidJUnit4 and ActivityTestRule into my unit test class?

问题描述

我无法导入一些Android UI测试框架案例-我只是不知道出了什么问题！

I'm having trouble importing some of the Android UI testing framework clases - I just can't figure out what is going wrong!

这是我的课程:

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@LargeTest
public class ExampleUnitTest {

@Rule
public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule = new ActivityTestRule(MainActivity.class);

@Test
public void listGoesOverTheFold() {
    onView(withText("Hello world!")).check(matches(isDisplayed()));
  }
}

但是由于某种原因，我遇到错误找不到符号ActivityTestRule"和找不到符号AndroidJUnit4".我尝试导入它们，但是找不到它们.

But for some reason I get errors 'cannot find symbol ActivityTestRule' and 'cannot find symbol AndroidJUnit4'. I've tried to import them but they cannot be found.

build.gradle中的依赖项设置为:

The dependencies in build.gradle are set to:

compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.4.0'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support:support-annotations:23.4.0'

androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.4'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:rules:0.4'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.1'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.uiautomator:uiautomator-v18:2.1.2'

所以我想我已经完成了所有的依赖项设置-我已经尝试了很多事情，但是没有运气.

So I think I have all the dependencies setup - I've been trying many things but with no luck.

有人有什么主意吗?

推荐答案

您可以在Android中设置两种不同类型的测试

There are two different types of tests you can set up in Android

单元测试

• 它们直接在JVM上运行，无法访问Android框架类.
• 它们保存在test/java包中
• 需要使用命令testCompile
将依赖项添加到build.gradle文件中
• 通常使用Mockito，Robolectric&这些测试使用JUnit

• These run directly on the JVM and do not have access to the Android framework classes.
• They are kept in the test/java package
• Dependencies need to added in the build.gradle file with the command testCompile
• You generally use Mockito, Robolectric & JUnit for these tests

仪器测试

• 它们在Android模拟器上运行，并具有对所有Android类的完全访问权限
• 它们保存在androidTest/java包中
• 需要使用androidTestCompile
将依赖项添加到build.gradle中
• 您通常使用Espresso和JUnit进行这些测试

• These run on an Android emulator and have full access to all the Android classes
• They are kept in the androidTest/java package
• Dependencies need to be added to build.gradle with androidTestCompile
• You generally use Espresso and JUnit for these tests

据我所知，您正在尝试使用Espresso编写仪器测试，但是将您的测试放在用于单元测试的test/java包中.在这种情况下，您需要将测试类移至androidTest/java包中.

From what I can tell you are trying to write instrumentation tests with Espresso but have your test in the test/java package which is for unit tests. In that case you need to move your test class to the androidTest/java package.

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