Python:使用另一个文件作为键从文件中提取行 [英] Python: Extracting lines from a file using another file as key

问题描述

我有一个看起来像这样的密钥"文件(MyKeyFile):

afdasdfa ghjdfghd wrtwertwt asdf(这些列中，但我没弄清楚格式，对不起)

我称这些键为键，它们与我要从源"文件中提取的行的第一个单词相同.因此，源文件(MySourceFile)看起来会像这样(再次，格式错误，但是第一列=键，随后的列=数据):

afdasdfa(多个制表符分隔的列) . . ghjdfghd(几个制表符分隔的列) . wrtwertwt . . asdf

和."会指示当前没有兴趣的行.

我是Python的绝对新手，这是我的发展方向:

with open('MyKeyFile','r') as infile, \
open('MyOutFile','w') as outfile:
    for line in infile:
        for runner in source:
            # pick up the first word of the line in source
            # if match, print the entire line to MyOutFile
            # here I need help
outfile.close()

我意识到可能会有更好的方法来做到这一点.赞赏所有反馈-无论是通过我的解决方式还是更复杂的反馈方式.

谢谢 jd

解决方案

据我了解(如果我输入错了，请在评论中告诉我)，您有3个文件:

1. MySourceFile
2. MyKeyFile
3. MyOutFile

您要:

1. 从MyKeyFile读取密钥
2. 从MySourceFile读取源代码
3. 遍历源代码中的行
4. 如果该行的第一个单词在键中:将该行附加到MyOutFile
5. 关闭MyOutFile

代码如下:

with open('MySourceFile', 'r') as sourcefile:
    source = sourcefile.read().splitlines()

with open('MyKeyFile', 'r') as keyfile:
    keys = keyfile.read().split()

with open('MyOutFile', 'w') as outfile:
    for line in source:
        if line.split():
            if line.split()[0] in keys:
                outfile.write(line + "\n")
outfile.close()

I have a 'key' file that looks like this (MyKeyFile):

afdasdfa ghjdfghd wrtwertwt asdf (these are in a column, but I never figured out the formatting, sorry)

I call these keys and they are identical to the first word of the lines that I want to extract from a 'source' file. So the source file (MySourceFile) would look something like this (again, bad formatting, but 1st column = the key, following columns = data):

afdasdfa (several tab delimited columns) . . ghjdfghd ( several tab delimited columns) . wrtwertwt . . asdf

And the '.' would indicate lines of no interest currently.

I am an absolute novice in Python and this is how far I've come:

with open('MyKeyFile','r') as infile, \
open('MyOutFile','w') as outfile:
    for line in infile:
        for runner in source:
            # pick up the first word of the line in source
            # if match, print the entire line to MyOutFile
            # here I need help
outfile.close()

I realize there may be better ways to do this. All feedback is appreciated - along my way of solving it, or along more sophisticated ones.

Thanks jd

解决方案

As I understood (corrent me in the comments if I am wrong), you have 3 files:

1. MySourceFile
2. MyKeyFile
3. MyOutFile

And you want to:

1. Read keys from MyKeyFile
2. Read source from MySourceFile
3. Iterate over lines in the source
4. If line's first word is in keys: append that line to MyOutFile
5. Close MyOutFile

So here is the Code:

with open('MySourceFile', 'r') as sourcefile:
    source = sourcefile.read().splitlines()

with open('MyKeyFile', 'r') as keyfile:
    keys = keyfile.read().split()

with open('MyOutFile', 'w') as outfile:
    for line in source:
        if line.split():
            if line.split()[0] in keys:
                outfile.write(line + "\n")
outfile.close()

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