Bash:如何遍历目录结构并执行命令? [英] Bash: how to traverse directory structure and execute commands?

问题描述

我已经将一个大文本文件拆分为多个较小的文本集，以进行我正在执行的性能测试.有许多这样的目录:

I have split a large text file into a number of sets of smaller ones for performance testing that i'm doing. There are a number of directories like this:

/home/brianly/output-02 (contains 2 files myfile.chunk.00 and myfile.chunk.01)
/home/brianly/output-04 (contains 4 files...)
/home/brianly/output-06 (contains 6 files...)

重要的是要注意，每个目录中的文件数量正在增加.我需要做的是针对输出目录中的每个文本文件运行一个可执行文件.该命令针对单个文件如下所示:

It's important to note that there is an increasing number of files in each directory. What I need to do is run an executable against each of the text files in the output directories. The command looks something like this against a single file:

./myexecutable -i /home/brianly/output-02/myfile.chunk.00 -o /home/brianly/output-02/myfile.chunk.00.processed

这里-i参数是输入文件，-o参数是输出位置.

Here the -i parameter is the input file and -o parameter is the output location.

在C#中，我遍历目录以获取每个文件夹中的文件列表，然后遍历它们以运行命令行.如何使用bash遍历这样的目录结构，并根据位置和该位置中的文件使用正确的参数执行命令?

In C# I'd loop over the directories get the list of files in each folder, then loop over them to run the commandlines. How do I traverse a directory structure like this using bash, and execute the command with the correct parameters based on the location and files in that location?

推荐答案

对于这种事情，我总是将 find 与 xargs 一起使用:

For this kind of thing I always use find together with xargs:

$ find output-* -name "*.chunk.??" | xargs -I{} ./myexecutable -i {} -o {}.processed

现在，由于您的脚本一次只处理一个文件，因此已经直接将 -exec (或 -execdir )与 find 一起使用提示，它同样有效，但是我习惯使用 xargs ，因为在一次输入对多个参数操作的命令时，效率通常要高得多.因此，这是一个牢牢抓住工作带的非常有用的工具，因此我认为应该提一下.

Now since your script processes only one file at a time, using -exec (or -execdir) directly with find, as already suggested, is just as efficient, but I'm used to using xargs, as that's generally much more efficient when feeding a command operating on many arguments at once. Thus it's a very useful tool to keep in one's utility belt, so I thought it ought to be mentioned.

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