/etc/rc.local和〜/.bashrc有什么区别? [英] What is the difference between /etc/rc.local and ~/.bashrc?

问题描述

这是与Linux相关的问题.我已经搜索了一下，但没有得到很好的解释.

This is a linux related problem. I have searched around but did not get a good explanation.

在我看来，这两个文件都在我登录时配置了设置，但是有什么区别吗?我注意到在确定应放入两个不同文件中的内容时似乎存在某些规则".例如，如果需要在$ PATH中添加特定的搜索路径，则应在〜/.bashrc中执行.但是，如果我决定更改某些系统设置，例如

It seems to me that both file configure the setup when I log in, but is there any difference? I notice that there seems to be "some rule" in deciding what should go into two different files. For example, if I need to add a specific search path to $PATH, I should do it in ~/.bashrc. But if I decide to change some system setting, like

/sys/class/backlight

或

/sys/devices/cpu/cpu#/online

然后我必须在/etc/rc.local中执行此操作，否则它将无法正常工作.

then I have to do this in /etc/rc.local, otherwise it will not work.

是因为这些配置在用户之间不能相同吗?

Is it because these configurations can not differ between users?

谢谢.

推荐答案

区别在于它们的运行时间，运行的对象以及运行的时间，即rc.local在运行级别更改时运行，并且运行方式为根. bashrc是特定于bash的，并且以特定用户的身份在非登录Shell上运行.

The difference is in when they are run and who they're running as when run i.e. rc.local is run on a change of run level and it runs as root. bashrc is bash specific and run on a non login shell as a particular user.

您可以在此处找到rc.local的很好的解释

You can find a good explanation of rc.local here

脚本/etc/rc.local供系统管理员使用.它是 传统上是在所有正常系统服务都被执行之后执行 开始，在切换到多用户的过程结束时 运行级别.您可以使用它来启动自定义服务，例如 安装在/usr/local中的服务器.大多数安装不需要 /etc/rc.local，仅在少数情况下提供 需要.

The script /etc/rc.local is for use by the system administrator. It is traditionally executed after all the normal system services are started, at the end of the process of switching to a multiuser runlevel. You might use it to start a custom service, for example a server that's installed in /usr/local. Most installations don't need /etc/rc.local, it's provided for the minority of cases where it's needed.

，您可以找到有关bashrc

man bash

启动不是登录shell的交互式shell时，bash 从〜/.bashrc读取并执行命令，如果那样的话 文件已存在.使用--norc选项可以禁止这种情况. --rcfile文件选项将强制bash读取和 从文件而不是〜/.bashrc执行命令.

When an interactive shell that is not a login shell is started, bash reads and executes commands from ~/.bashrc, if that file exists. This may be inhibited by using the --norc option. The --rcfile file option will force bash to read and execute commands from file instead of ~/.bashrc.

此问题中有关于bashrc的更多信息...

There's more info on bashrc in this question...

https://superuser.com/questions/49289/what-is-the-bashrc -文件

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