在字典列表中搜索的最有效方法 [英] Most efficient way to search in list of dicts

问题描述

我有以下字典列表.

people = [
{'name': "Tom", 'age': 10},
{'name': "Mark", 'age': 5},
{'name': "Pam", 'age': 7}
]

就性能而言，这是在字典列表中进行搜索的最优化方法.以下是一些不同的方法:

Which would be the most optimized way in terms of performance to search in list of dicts. Following are different some methods:

next((item for item in dicts if item["name"] == "Pam"), None)

OR

filter(lambda person: person['name'] == 'Pam', people)

OR

def search(name):
    for p in people:
        if p['name'] == name:
            return p

OR

def search_dictionaries(key, value, list_of_dictionaries):
    return [element for element in list_of_dictionaries if element[key] == value]

也欢迎使用任何其他方法.谢谢.

Any other method is also welcome. Thanks.

推荐答案

对函数进行快速计时表明，使用过滤器似乎是所有方法中最快的方法

Doing a quick timeit on the functions show that using filter seems to be the fastest of all the methods

%timeit filter(lambda person: person['name'] == 'Pam', people)

1000000次循环，每个循环最好3:263 ns

1000000 loops, best of 3: 263 ns per loop

• 使用next产生的时间为731ns
• 使用搜索方法会产生361ns的时间
• 最后，seach_dictionaries使用811ns

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