如何在Ubuntu的localhost上安装SSL? [英] How can I install SSL on localhost in Ubuntu?

问题描述

我想在Ubuntu环境中的本地主机上安装SSL证书，因为我不能直接在生产服务器上工作.我必须根据页面是HTTP还是HTTPS在代码中添加一些条件.

I want to install an SSL certificate on my localhost in Ubuntu environment because I can't work on the production server directly. I have to put some conditions in my code on the basis of whether the page is HTTP or HTTPS.

我该怎么做?

推荐答案

通过键入以下内容启用apache模块:

Enable the apache module by typing:

sudo a2enmod ssl

启用SSL后，必须重新启动Web服务器才能识别更改:

After you have enabled SSL, you'll have to restart the web server for the change to be recognized:

sudo service apache2 restart

让我们首先在Apache的配置层次结构中创建一个子目录来放置我们将要制作的证书文件:

Let's start off by creating a subdirectory within Apache's configuration hierarchy to place the certificate files that we will be making:

sudo mkdir /etc/apache2/ssl

现在我们可以放置密钥和证书了，我们可以通过键入以下步骤一步一步地创建它们:

Now that we have a location to place our key and certificate, we can create them both in one step by typing:

sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key -out /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt

问题部分看起来像这样:

The questions portion looks something like this:

Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:US
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:New York
Locality Name (eg, city) []:New York City
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:Your Company
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Department of Kittens
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:your_domain.com
Email Address []:[e-mail]

立即以root权限打开文件:

Open the file with root privileges now:

sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl.conf

删除注释后，文件看起来像这样:

With the comments removed, the file looks something like this:

<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
    <VirtualHost _default_:443>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
        DocumentRoot /var/www/html
        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
        SSLEngine on
        SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
        SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
        <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
                        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
        </FilesMatch>
        <Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin>
                        SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
        </Directory>
        BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \
                        nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
                        downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
        BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown
    </VirtualHost>
</IfModule>

最后，它将看起来像这样.这些条目是从原始文件中修改的:

In the end, it will look something like this. The entries were modified from the original file:

<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
    <VirtualHost _default_:443>
        ServerAdmin [e-mail]
        ServerName your_domain.com
        ServerAlias www.your_domain.com
        DocumentRoot /var/www/html
        ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
        CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
        SSLEngine on
        SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt
        SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key
        <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
            SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
        </FilesMatch>
        <Directory /var/www/html>
            SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
            DirectoryIndex index.php
            AllowOverride All
            Order allow,deny
            Allow from all
        </Directory>
        BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \
                        nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
                        downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0
        BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown
    </VirtualHost>
</IfModule>

完成后保存并退出文件. 现在我们已经配置了启用SSL的虚拟主机，我们需要启用它.

Save and exit the file when you are finished. Now that we have configured our SSL-enabled virtual host, we need to enable it.

sudo a2ensite default-ssl.conf

然后，我们需要重新启动Apache来加载新的虚拟主机文件:

We then need to restart Apache to load our new virtual host file:

sudo service apache2 restart

就是这样，现在使用https .. !!!! p来运行您的网站.

That's it now run your site with https..!!

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