替换lua中包含特殊字符的字符串 [英] Replacing strings in lua containing special characters

问题描述

我要替换lua中的字符串.这是字符串.

I want to replace string in lua. Here is the string.

strng='\begin{matrix}   1 & 2 & 3 \\    4 & 5 & 6 \\    7 & 8 & 10 \end{matrix}'

我要替换

\begin{matrix} by {{
& by ,
\\ by },{
\end{matrix} by }}

我也想删除所有空格.因此输出将为

I also want to remove all spaces. So the output will be

{{1,2,3},{4,5,6},{7,8,10}}

我编写了以下函数来实现这一目的.

I have written the following function to do this.

function tempsubst(m1)
m1 = matrixprint(m1)
if type(m1) ~="string" then  return  m1 end
m1 = string.gsub(m1,"\begin%{matrix%}","{{" )
m1 = string.gsub(m1,"\\","},{" )
m1 = string.gsub(m1,"%&","," )
m1 = string.gsub(m1,"end%{matrix%}","}}" )
m1= string.gsub(m1 , "%s+", "")
return m1
end

这有时会起作用，但有时会不起作用.函数中肯定有错误.我是lua的新手.代码可以更正吗?任何帮助将不胜感激.谢谢.

This sometimes work but sometimes it does not work. There must be mistakes in the function. I am newbie to lua. Could the code be corrected? Any help will be appreciated. Thanks.

推荐答案

当与转义符和反斜杠混淆时，最好使用不解释它们的长字符串:

When confused with escapes and backslashes, it's better to use long strings, which don't interpret those:

m1=[[\begin{matrix}   1 & 2 & 3 \\    4 & 5 & 6 \\    7 & 8 & 10 \end{matrix}]]
print(m1)
m1 = string.gsub(m1,[[\begin{matrix}]],"{{" )
m1 = string.gsub(m1,[[\\]],"},{" )
m1 = string.gsub(m1,[[&]],"," )
m1 = string.gsub(m1,[[\end{matrix}]],"}}" )
m1= string.gsub(m1 , [[%s+]], "")
print(m1)

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