我的Mac上使用什么版本的Python? [英] What version of Python is on my Mac?
问题描述
当我这样做时，我有一台Mac:
I have a mac, when I do:
python --version
我得到了:
Python 2.7.6
但是当我到达时:
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.3
2.7.6在哪里? 有什么建议我该怎么办?
where is 2.7.6 located ? any advice what should I do?
更新:
$ which -a python python3
/usr/bin/python
/usr/local/bin/python3
$ brew list python python3
Error: No such keg: /usr/local/Cellar/python
$ locate python
WARNING: The locate database (/var/db/locate.database) does not exist.
To create the database, run the following command:
sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.locate.plist
Please be aware that the database can take some time to generate; once
the database has been created, this message will no longer appear.
在PyCharm编辑器中，默认设置解释器显示:
in PyCharm editor, the default settings interpreter shows:
推荐答案
您的macOS上可能有多个Python版本.
You could have multiple Python versions on your macOS.
您可以通过command，type或which命令进行检查，例如:
You may check that by command, type or which command, like:
which -a python python2 python2.7 python3 python3.6
或在 Terminal 中键入python并按 Tab 几次以自动完成，这等效于:
Or type python in Terminal and hit Tab few times for auto completion, which is equivalent to:
compgen -c python
默认情况下，python/pip命令指向在PATH环境变量中找到的第一个二进制文件，具体取决于实际安装的文件.因此，在使用Homebrew安装Python软件包之前，默认的Python已安装在macOS随附的/usr/bin中(例如High Sierra上的Python 2.7.10). /usr/local中找到的任何版本(例如/usr/local/bin)都由外部程序包提供.
By default python/pip commands points to the first binary found in PATH environment variable depending what's actually installed. So before installing Python packages with Homebrew, the default Python is installed in /usr/bin which is shipped with your macOS (e.g. Python 2.7.10 on High Sierra). Any versions found in /usr/local (such as /usr/local/bin) are provided by external packages.
通常建议，在使用多个版本时，对于Python 2，您可以分别使用python2/pip2命令；对于Python 3，您可以使用python3/pip3，但这取决于您的配置哪些命令可用.
It is generally advised, that when working with multiple versions, for Python 2 you may use python2/pip2 command, respectively for Python 3 you can use python3/pip3, but it depends on your configuration which commands are available.
值得一提的是，自发布Homebrew 1.5.0版本以来， + (于2018年1月19日)，python公式已升级到Python 3.x，并且将添加python@2公式以安装Python 2.7.以前，python公式指向的是Python 2.
It is also worth to mention, that since release of Homebrew 1.5.0+ (on 19 January 2018), the python formula has been upgraded to Python 3.x and a python@2 formula will be added for installing Python 2.7. Before, python formula was pointing to Python 2.
例如，如果您通过Homebrew安装了其他版本，请尝试以下命令:
For instance, if you've installed different version via Homebrew, try the following command:
brew list python python3
或:
brew list | grep ^python
它将向您显示与软件包一起安装的所有Python文件.
it'll show you all Python files installed with the package.
或者，您可以使用apropos或locate python命令来查找更多与Python相关的文件.
Alternatively you may use apropos or locate python command to locate more Python related files.
要检查与Python相关的任何环境变量，请运行:
To check any environment variables related to Python, run:
env | grep ^PYTHON
要解决您的问题，
To address your issues:
错误:没有这样的小桶:/usr/local/Cellar/python
Error: No such keg: /usr/local/Cellar/python
意味着您没有通过Homebrew安装Python.但是，请通过一次仅指定一个程序包来进行仔细检查(如brew list python python2 python3).
Means you don't have Python installed via Homebrew. However double check by specifying only one package at a time (like brew list python python2 python3).
定位数据库(
/var/db/locate.database)不存在.
遵循建议并运行:
sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.locate.plist
重建数据库后，可以使用locate命令.
After the database is rebuild, you can use locate command.
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