是否有任何功能可以检索与inode关联的路径? [英] Is there any function to retrieve the path associated with an inode?
问题描述
我正在编写一个实用程序，该实用程序可以在Mac OS X(10.6及更高版本)上遍历目录树，并尝试检测自上次将目录与备份位置同步以来发生的更改.
I am writing a utility that walks a directory tree on Mac OS X (10.6 and higher) and tries to detect changes that have occurred since the directory was last synchronized with a back-up location.
当我最初同步文件和文件夹时，我获得了索引节点号并将其存储在该文件或文件夹的数据库记录中:
When I initially synchronize the files and folders I obtain the inode number and store it in the database record for that file or folder:
NSString *oldFilePath = /* ... */;
NSError *error = nil;
NSDictionary *attributes = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] attributesOfItemAtPath:oldFilePath error:&error];
/* set database record for oldFilePath to [attributes fileSystemFileNumber] */
遇到新文件或文件夹时，我首先使用inode编号进行数据库查找以找到原始文件(如果有).
When I encounter a new file or folder I first do a database lookup using the inode number to find the original file, if any.
但是，如果文件已从父目录移到子目录，并且我试图检测对父目录的更改，我希望能够使用保存的inode编号来标识新路径这样我就可以区分移动和删除.
But in the case where a file has moved from a parent directory to a sub-directory, and I am trying to detect changes to the parent directory I would like to be able to use the saved inode number to identify the new path so that I can distinguish between a move and a delete.
推荐答案
inode编号仅在文件系统内唯一，因此至少需要设备和 inode编号来标识文件.
inode numbers are only unique within a filesystem, so you need at least device and inode number to identify a file.
在HFS +文件系统上，inode编号实际上与"Macintosh File Id"相同，并且有一个特殊的"/.vol"文件系统，可让您按设备和inode查找目录.
On the HFS+ file system, the inode number is in fact identical to the "Macintosh File Id", and there is a special "/.vol" filesystem that allows you to find a directory by device and inode.
示例:
$ cd /.vol/234881029/342711
$ pwd
/Volumes/Data/tmpwork/test20/test20.xcodeproj
$ stat .
234881029 342711 drwxr-xr-x 5 martin staff 0 170 ......
如您所见，234881029是该文件系统中"/Volumes/Data"的设备号，342711是该文件系统中"tmpwork/test20/test20.xcodeproj"的索引号，并且
As you can see, 234881029 is the device number of "/Volumes/Data", 342711 is the inode number of "tmpwork/test20/test20.xcodeproj" within that filesystem, and
cd /.vol/<deviceNo>/<inodeNo>
直接将您转移到该文件夹.现在，您可以使用getcwd()确定该文件夹的真实路径.
transferred you directly to that folder. You could now use getcwd() to determine the real path to that folder.
The "/.vol" filesystem is documented in the legacy Technical Q&A QA1113.
免责声明:我仅在OS X 10.7上尝试过此操作，并且我相当确定它可以在较旧的系统上运行.我不知道您是否可以在将来的OS X版本中依赖此功能.而且它非常特定于HFS.
Disclaimer: I tried this only on OS X 10.7 and I am fairly sure that it works on older systems. I have no idea if you can rely on this feature in future versions of OS X. Also it is very HFS specific.
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