OS X计算没有辅助功能访问的按下键 [英] OS X count pressed keys without accessibility access
问题描述
我发现upwork.app可以计算没有辅助功能访问权限的按下键，但我不知道它是如何完成的.
I found that upwork.app can count pressed keys without accessibility access but I can not understand how it is done.
我读了很多这样的主题: OSX:检测系统范围的keyDown事件?
I read a lot of themes like this one: OSX: Detect system-wide keyDown events?
在所有主题中都说应该信任该过程为辅助设备启用访问权限"，而我没有找到upwork.app如何在没有此功能的情况下跟踪键.
In all themes are saying that process should be trusted "Enable access for assistive devices" and I can not find how upwork.app can track keys without this.
这是跟踪事件的官方文档:
https://developer.apple.com/reference/appkit/nsevent/1535472-添加全局监控器以匹配事件
This is official documentation for tracking events:
https://developer.apple.com/reference/appkit/nsevent/1535472-addglobalmonitorforeventsmatchin
仅在启用辅助功能或信任您的应用程序具有辅助功能访问的情况下，才可以监视与键有关的事件.(请参阅AXIsProcessTrusted).
Key-related events may only be monitored if accessibility is enabled or if your application is trusted for accessibility access (see AXIsProcessTrusted).
在苹果邮件列表中说的是相同的:
http://lists.apple.com/archives/carbon- dev/2010/Feb/msg00043.html
In apple mail list is saying same:
http://lists.apple.com/archives/carbon-dev/2010/Feb/msg00043.html
我认为upwork.app使用了一些技巧.
I think that upwork.app use some hacks.
在无辅助功能访问的情况下，我该如何计算按下的键?
How I can count pressed keys without accessibility access?
推荐答案
在评论中仍未收到您的答复，但由于这可能还会对将来的其他人有所帮助，所以我还是决定回答.
Still haven't received your answer in the comments, but since that might also help other people in the future I decided to answer anyway.
使用IOKit，您可以检测键盘上是否有设备，并获取按键事件，例如设备事件.我已经使用它来检测操纵杆事件，但是它应该可以很好地与键盘配合使用.我认为所做的修改已经足够并且可以正常使用，但是我的Xcode现在正在更新，因此我还无法对其进行测试.
With the IOKit you can detect the keyboard has a device, and get the key press events like device events. I've used that to detect joystick events, but it should work with keyboards has well. I assume that the modifications that I made are enough and should work, however my Xcode is updating now, so I wasn't able to test it yet.
KeyboardWatcher.h文件:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <IOKit/hid/IOHIDManager.h>
#import <IOKit/hid/IOHIDKeys.h>
@interface KeyboardWatcher : NSObject{
IOHIDManagerRef HIDManager;
}
@property (nonatomic) int keysPressedCount;
+(instancetype)sharedWatcher;
-(void)startWatching;
-(void)stopWatching;
@end
KeyboardWatcher.m文件:
#import "KeyboardWatcher.h"
@implementation KeyboardWatcher
static KeyboardWatcher *_sharedWatcher;
+(instancetype)sharedWatcher {
@synchronized([self class]) {
if (!_sharedWatcher){
_sharedWatcher = [[KeyboardWatcher alloc] init];
}
return _sharedWatcher;
}
return nil;
}
-(instancetype)init {
self = [super init];
if (self){
self.keysPressedCount = 0;
}
return self;
}
-(void)startWatching {
[self watchDevicesOfType:kHIDUsage_GD_Keyboard];
}
-(void)watchDevicesOfType:(UInt32)deviceType {
// Create an HID Manager
HIDManager = IOHIDManagerCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, kIOHIDOptionsTypeNone);
// Create a Matching Dictionary
CFMutableDictionaryRef matchDict = CFDictionaryCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorDefault, 2, &kCFTypeDictionaryKeyCallBacks,
&kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks);
// That will make the app just return the computer keyboards
CFDictionarySetValue(matchDict, CFSTR(kIOHIDPrimaryUsageKey), CFNumberCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, kCFNumberIntType, &deviceType));
// Register the Matching Dictionary to the HID Manager
IOHIDManagerSetDeviceMatching(HIDManager, matchDict);
// Register the HID Manager on our app’s run loop
IOHIDManagerScheduleWithRunLoop(HIDManager, CFRunLoopGetMain(), kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
// Open the HID Manager
IOReturn IOReturn = IOHIDManagerOpen(HIDManager, kIOHIDOptionsTypeNone);
// Register input calls to Handle_DeviceEventCallback function
IOHIDManagerRegisterInputValueCallback(HIDManager, Handle_DeviceEventCallback, nil);
if (IOReturn) NSLog(@"IOHIDManagerOpen failed.");
}
-(void)stopWatching {
HIDManager = NULL;
}
static void Handle_DeviceEventCallback (void *inContext, IOReturn inResult, void *inSender, IOHIDValueRef value){
IOHIDElementRef element = IOHIDValueGetElement(value); // Keyboard pressed key
uint32_t uniqueIdentifier = IOHIDElementGetCookie(element); // Unique ID of key
int elementValue = (int)IOHIDValueGetIntegerValue(value); // Actual state of key (1=pressed)
NSLog(@"Unique ID = %u; Value = %d", uniqueIdentifier, elementValue);
if (elementValue == 1) KeyboardWatcher.sharedWatcher.keysPressedCount++;
}
@end
如果要标识哪个唯一ID是哪个键，则可以使用以下枚举(代替导入Carbon，您可以创建一个CGKeyboardMapping.h文件并将其粘贴到其中):
https://stackoverflow.com/a/16125341/4370893
In case you want to identify which unique ID is which key, you can use these enums (instead of importing Carbon you can just create a CGKeyboardMapping.h file and paste them there):
https://stackoverflow.com/a/16125341/4370893
最后，为了使用它，您只需要这样做就可以开始监视键盘事件:
At last, in order to use it, you just need to do that to start watching for keyboard events:
[[KeyboardWatcher sharedWatcher] startWatching];
获得按键计数:
[[KeyboardWatcher sharedWatcher] keysPressedCount];
然后停止:
[[KeyboardWatcher sharedWatcher] stopWatching];
这些是我编写原始操纵杆代码的参考:
These were my references to write my original joystick code:
- http://ontrak.net/xcode.htm
- http://ontrak.net/xcode2.htm
- https://developer.apple .com/library/mac/documentation/DeviceDrivers/Conceptual/HID/new_api_10_5/tn2187.html
- http://www.opensource .apple.com/source/IOHIDFamily/IOHIDFamily-315.7.16/IOHIDFamily/IOHIDUsageTables.h
- http://ontrak.net/xcode.htm
- http://ontrak.net/xcode2.htm
- https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/DeviceDrivers/Conceptual/HID/new_api_10_5/tn2187.html
- http://www.opensource.apple.com/source/IOHIDFamily/IOHIDFamily-315.7.16/IOHIDFamily/IOHIDUsageTables.h
更新完成后，我将测试代码并确定其是否有效.
As soon as the update finishes I will test the code and inform if it's working or not for sure.
编辑:刚刚测试过，并且可以正常工作.不要忘记将IOKit框架添加到项目中.
Just tested and it's working. Don't forget to add the IOKit framework to the project.
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