MacOS Mojave中的C标头在哪里? [英] Where are the C headers in MacOS Mojave?

问题描述

Apple似乎一直在移动其工具，并且使用xcode-select --install来安装命令行工具的旧解决方案不起作用.

It seems that Apple keeps on moving their tools around and the old solution of installing the command line tools are with using xcode-select --install doesn't work.

在Mojave中，xcode-select不再安装任何东西(GUI始终找不到软件包)，并且命令行工具也不会将其自身安装在/usr/或/usr/local中.

In Mojave, xcode-select doesn't install anything anymore (the GUI always fails to find the package) and the command line tools don't install itself in /usr/ or /usr/local.

推荐答案

xcode-select --install在Mojave中确实为我工作.也许您可以尝试从Mac App Store安装XCode，然后安装开发人员工具?

xcode-select --install did work for me in Mojave. Maybe you can try installing XCode from Mac App Store, and then install developer tools?

关于标题位置，我在/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/中有Apples标题:

Regarding header locations, I have Apples headers in /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/:

$ sudo find /Library -name stdio.h 
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/include/c++/v1/stdio.h
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/stdio.h
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/stdio.h
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Kernel.framework/Versions/A/Headers/sys/stdio.h

如果通过brew安装gcc，它将在/usr/local/中添加标头:

And if you install gcc via brew, it will add headers in /usr/local/:

$ sudo find /usr -name stdio.h 
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.2.0/include/c++/8.2.0/tr1/stdio.h
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.2.0/lib/gcc/8/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin17.7.0/8.2.0/include/ssp/stdio.h
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.2.0/lib/gcc/8/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin17.7.0/8.2.0/include-fixed/stdio.h
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/include/c++/8.1.0/tr1/stdio.h
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/lib/gcc/8/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin17.5.0/8.1.0/include/ssp/stdio.h
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/lib/gcc/8/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin17.5.0/8.1.0/include-fixed/stdio.h
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/7.3.0_1/include/c++/7.3.0/tr1/stdio.h
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/7.3.0_1/lib/gcc/7/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin17.3.0/7.3.0/include/ssp/stdio.h
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc@7/7.3.0/include/c++/7.3.0/tr1/stdio.h
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc@7/7.3.0/lib/gcc/7/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin17.5.0/7.3.0/include/ssp/stdio.h
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc@7/7.3.0/lib/gcc/7/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin17.5.0/7.3.0/include-fixed/stdio.h
/usr/local/include/c++/8.2.0/tr1/stdio.h
/usr/local/lib/gcc/8/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin17.7.0/8.2.0/include/ssp/stdio.h
/usr/local/lib/gcc/8/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin17.7.0/8.2.0/include-fixed/stdio.h

(不是Apple的标头，而是GCC/GLIBC).

(Those are not Apple's headers, but GCC / GLIBC).

使用truss，我可以看到Apple clang在CommandLineTools/SDKs中使用了clang:

Using dtruss I can see that Apple clang uses the one in CommandLineTools/SDKs:

$ sudo dtruss -f sudo -u $USER clang test.c -o test 2>&1
3781/0x51d8:  pread(0x3, "#include <stdio.h>\n\nint main(void)\n{\n  printf(\"Hello, world\\n\");\n  return 0;\n}\n\0", 0x4F, 0x0)              = 79 0
3781/0x51d8:  __pthread_sigmask(0x3, 0x7FFEE3A7E768, 0x7FFEE3A7E76C)            = 0 0
3781/0x51d8:  close(0x3)                = 0 0
3781/0x51d8:  __pthread_sigmask(0x3, 0x7FFEE3A7E76C, 0x0)               = 0 0
3781/0x51d8:  open("/usr/local/include/stdio.h\0", 0x1000000, 0x1A)             = -1 Err#2
3781/0x51d8:  open("/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/lib/clang/10.0.0/include/stdio.h\0", 0x1000000, 0x48)               = -1 Err#2
3781/0x51d8:  open("/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/include/stdio.h\0", 0x1000000, 0x37)                = -1 Err#2
3781/0x51d8:  open("/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/stdio.h\0", 0x1000000, 0x47)                = 3 0

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