有没有一种方法可以将函数存储在列表或字典中，以便在调用索引(或键)时会触发存储的函数? [英] Is there a way to store a function in a list or dictionary so that when the index (or key) is called it fires off the stored function?

问题描述

例如，我尝试了诸如mydict = {'funcList1': [foo(),bar(),goo()], 'funcList2': [foo(),goo(),bar()]之类的方法，该方法不起作用.

For instance, I've tried things like mydict = {'funcList1': [foo(),bar(),goo()], 'funcList2': [foo(),goo(),bar()], which doesn't work.

具有某种功能的结构吗?

Is there some kind of structure with this kind of functionality?

我意识到，显然我可以使用一堆def语句轻松地做到这一点:

I realize that I could obviously do this just as easily with a bunch of def statements:

def func1():
    foo()
    bar()
    goo()

但是我需要的语句数量变得非常笨拙且难以记住.最好将它们很好地包装在字典中，这样我可以一次又一次地检查它们的键.

But the number of statements I need is getting pretty unwieldy and tough to remember. It would be nice to wrap them nicely in a dictionary that I could examine the keys of now and again.

推荐答案

函数是Python中的第一类对象，因此您可以使用字典进行分派.例如，如果foo和bar是函数，而dispatcher是类似的字典.

Functions are first class objects in Python and so you can dispatch using a dictionary. For example, if foo and bar are functions, and dispatcher is a dictionary like so.

dispatcher = {'foo': foo, 'bar': bar}

请注意，值为函数对象的foo和bar，而不是foo()和bar().

Note that the values are foo and bar which are the function objects, and NOT foo() and bar().

要呼叫foo，您只需执行dispatcher['foo']()

如果要运行列表中存储的多个函数，则可以执行以下操作.

If you want to run multiple functions stored in a list, you can possibly do something like this.

dispatcher = {'foobar': [foo, bar], 'bazcat': [baz, cat]}

def fire_all(func_list):
    for f in func_list:
        f()

fire_all(dispatcher['foobar'])

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