如何创建3D-MATLAB样式-R中的曲面图 [英] How to create 3D - MATLAB style - surface plots in R

问题描述

我发现在R中创建美学上令人愉悦的3D曲面具有挑战性.我熟悉解决方案(persp，image，wireframe，lattice，rgl以及其他一些其他问题中的解决方案SO)，但结果并不理想.

I find it challenging to create aesthetically pleasing 3D surfaces in R. I am familiar with the solutions (persp, image, wireframe, lattice, rgl and several other solutions in other questions in SO), but the results are not nice.

是否可以像在MATLAB中那样在R中创建3D表面图?

Is it possible to create 3D surface plots in R like in MATLAB?

Here is the MATLAB code
    % Create a grid of x and y points
    points = linspace(-2, 0, 20);
    [X, Y] = meshgrid(points, -points);

    % Define the function Z = f(X,Y)
    Z = 2./exp((X-.5).^2+Y.^2)-2./exp((X+.5).^2+Y.^2);

    % "phong" lighting is good for curved, interpolated surfaces. "gouraud"
    % is also good for curved surfaces
    surf(X, Y, Z); view(30, 30);
    shading interp;
    light;
    lighting phong;
    title('lighting phong', 'FontName', 'Courier', 'FontSize', 14);

剧情是现代的，丰富多彩的，美学上令人愉悦的，代码语法也很可读.

The plot is modern, colorful, aesthetically pleasing, the code syntax is very readable.

在基数R中有可能吗?

推荐答案

jet.colors是对一种Matlab调色板的R-答案:

jet.colors is the R-answer to one of hte Matlab color palettes:

points = seq(-2, 0, length=20)
#create a grid
XY = expand.grid(X=points,Y=-points)
# A z-function 
Zf <- function(X,Y){
     2./exp((X-.5)^2+Y^2)-2./exp((X+.5)^2+Y^2);
     }
# populate a surface
Z <- Zf(XY$X, XY$Y)
zlim <- range(Z)
zlen <- zlim[2] - zlim[1] + 1

jet.colors <-   # function from grDevices package
      colorRampPalette(c("#00007F", "blue", "#007FFF", "cyan",
                      "#7FFF7F", "yellow", "#FF7F00", "red", "#7F0000"))
colorzjet <- jet.colors(100)  # 100 separate color 
require(rgl)
open3d()
rgl.surface(x=points, y=matrix(Z,20), 
            coords=c(1,3,2),z=-points, 
            color=colorzjet[ findInterval(Z, seq(min(Z), max(Z), length=100))] )
axes3d()
rgl.snapshot("copyMatlabstyle.png")

我要承认，使颜色与"Z轴"(实际上是rgl y轴)对齐是很不直观的.如果您希望Matlab提供的闪亮镜面效果可以在照明角度下发挥.

I will admit that getting the colors to line up with the "Z-axis" (which is actually the rgl y-axis) seemed very unintuitive. If you want the shiny, specular effect that Matlab delivers you can play with the angle of illumination.

您还可以添加或删除照明:

You can also add or remove lighting:

clear3d(type = "lights")
light3d(theta=0, phi=0)
light3d(theta=0, phi=0)  # twice as much light.

之后:

 grid3d("x")
 grid3d("y")
 grid3d("z")

 rgl.snapshot("copyMatlabstyle3.png")

您可以使用以下方法将y网格放置在表面后面":

You could have put the y-grid "behind" the surface with:

grid3d("y+")

对axes3d或axis3d调用的类似调整可能会移动秤的位置.

Similar tweaks to the axes3d or axis3d calls could move the location of the scales.

有关其他示例，请参见 http://rgm3.lab. nig.ac.jp/RGM/R_image_list 并搜索"plot3d"，其中显示了R2BayesX::plot3d函数的示例，看一下Karline Soetaert的plot3D软件包插图，

For further examples, look at http://rgm3.lab.nig.ac.jp/RGM/R_image_list and search for 'plot3d' which brings up examples of the R2BayesX::plot3d function, Look at Karline Soetaert's plot3D package vignette, "50 ways to plot a volcano"

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