在pandas/matplotlib中获取散点图的Colorbar实例 [英] Getting Colorbar instance of scatter plot in pandas/matplotlib

问题描述

如何获取由pandas.DataFrame.plot创建的图的内部创建的颜色栏实例?

How do I get the internally created colorbar instance of a plot created by pandas.DataFrame.plot?

以下是生成彩色散点图的示例:

Here is an example for generating a colored scatter plot:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import itertools as it

# [ (0,0), (0,1), ..., (9,9) ]
xy_positions = list( it.product( range(10), range(10) ) )

df = pd.DataFrame( xy_positions, columns=['x','y'] )

# draw 100 floats
df['score'] = np.random.random( 100 )

ax = df.plot( kind='scatter',
              x='x',
              y='y',
              c='score',
              s=500)
ax.set_xlim( [-0.5,9.5] )
ax.set_ylim( [-0.5,9.5] )

plt.show()

这给了我一个这样的数字:

which gives me a figure like this:

如何获取颜色条实例以进行操作，例如更改标签或设置刻度线?

How do I get the colorbar instance in order to manipulate it, for instance for changing the label or setting the ticks?

推荐答案

pandas不会返回颜色条的轴，因此我们必须找到它:

pandas does not return the axis for the colorbar, therefore we have to locate it:

首先，让我们获取figure实例:即，使用plt.gcf()

1st, let's get the figure instance: i.e., use plt.gcf()

In [61]:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import itertools as it

# [ (0,0), (0,1), ..., (9,9) ]
xy_positions = list( it.product( range(10), range(10) ) )

df = pd.DataFrame( xy_positions, columns=['x','y'] )

# draw 100 floats
df['score'] = np.random.random( 100 )

ax = df.plot( kind='scatter',
              x='x',
              y='y',
              c='score',
              s=500)
ax.set_xlim( [-0.5,9.5] )
ax.set_ylim( [-0.5,9.5] )

f = plt.gcf()

2，该图形有多少个轴?

2, how many axes does this figure have?

In [62]:

f.get_axes()
Out[62]:
[<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x120a4d450>,
 <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x120ad0050>]

3，第一个轴(即创建的第一个轴)包含绘图

3, The first axes (that is, the first one created), contains the plot

In [63]:

ax
Out[63]:
<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x120a4d450>

4，因此，第二个轴是颜色栏轴

4, Therefore, the second axis is the colorbar axes

In [64]:

cax = f.get_axes()[1]
#and we can modify it, i.e.:
cax.set_ylabel('test')

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