Java.春季引导.应用程序启动失败 [英] Java. Spring boot. Application startup failed
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问题描述
我正在尝试自己学习Spring Boot.我使用Maven并使用Tomcat容器创建了spring boot应用程序.当我使用 mvn spring-boot:run 命令运行应用程序时，它运行正常.但是，当我使用ApplicationLoader类启动应用程序时，它给了我一个错误.另外，当我使用ARC时，它会提示我错误 404未找到. 当然，我知道ApplicationLoader类有问题，但是我无法理解应该进行哪些更改才能使其正常工作.非常感谢您的帮助！
I'm trying to learn Spring Boot on my own. I use Maven and have created spring boot application with Tomcat container. When I use mvn spring-boot:run command to run the app it works fine. But when I start my app with ApplicationLoader class it gives me an error. Also, when I use ARC it gives me error 404 not found. Of course, I understand that there's something wrong with my ApplicationLoader class, but I can't understand what exactly I should change to make it work. Your help is highly appreciated!
应用程序加载器
package com.boris2barak.samplemvc.app;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ApplicationLoader extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(ApplicationLoader.class);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SpringApplication.run(ApplicationLoader.class, args);
}
}
控制器
package com.boris2barak.samplemvc.app;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
@Controller
public class myFirstController {
@RequestMapping("/temperature")
public String whatIsTheWeather(Model model, @RequestParam(value="city", required=false, defaultValue="World") String city) {
model.addAttribute("city", city);
WeatherApp data = new WeatherApp();
return data.getTemperatureForCity(city);
}
}
Pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<groupId>com.boris2barak</groupId>
<artifactId>samplemvc</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.3.5.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.6.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
错误看起来像这样:
objc[1937]: Class JavaLaunchHelper is implemented in both /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java (0x1043444c0) and /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/libinstru ment.dylib (0x1053b54e0). One of the two will be used. Which one is undefined.
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v1.3.5.RELEASE)
2017-07-23 10:13:07.163 INFO 1937 --- [ main] c.b.samplemvc.app.ApplicationLoader : Starting ApplicationLoader on MBP-Boris with PID 1937 (/Users/boris/Java/samplemvc/target/classes started by boris in /Users/boris/Java/samplemvc)
2017-07-23 10:13:07.166 INFO 1937 --- [ main] c.b.samplemvc.app.ApplicationLoader : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2017-07-23 10:13:07.287 INFO 1937 --- [ main] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@16022d9d : startup date [Sun Jul 23 10:13:07 EEST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
2017-07-23 10:13:07.450 WARN 1937 --- [ main] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Failed to parse configuration class [com.boris2barak.samplemvc.app.ApplicationLoader]; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect annotated methods on class org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer
2017-07-23 10:13:07.487 ERROR 1937 --- [ main] o.s.boot.SpringApplication : Application startup failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Failed to parse configuration class [com.boris2barak.samplemvc.app.ApplicationLoader]; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect annotated methods on class org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(Configuratio nClassParser.java:182) ~[spring-context-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConf igBeanDefinitions(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:321) ~[spring-context- 4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcess BeanDefinitionRegistry(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:243) ~[spring-context- 4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanDe finitionRegistryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:273) ~ [spring-context-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFa ctoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:98) ~[spring-context- 4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPo stProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:678) ~[spring-context- 4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApp licationContext.java:520) ~[spring-context-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:766) [spring-boot-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar:1.3.5.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.createAndRefreshContext(SpringApplicati on.java:361) [spring-boot-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar:1.3.5.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:307) [spring-boot-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar:1.3.5.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1191) [spring-boot-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar:1.3.5.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1180) [spring-boot-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar:1.3.5.RELEASE]
at com.boris2barak.samplemvc.app.ApplicationLoader.main(ApplicationLoader.java:24) [classes/:na]
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to introspect annotated methods on class org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer
at org.springframework.core.type.StandardAnnotationMetadata.getAnnotatedMethods(Stand ardAnnotationMetadata.java:163) ~[spring-core-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.doProcessConfigura tionClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:292) ~[spring-context- 4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.processConfigurati onClass(ConfigurationClassParser.java:232) ~[spring-context- 4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(Configuratio nClassParser.java:199) ~[spring-context-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassParser.parse(Configuratio nClassParser.java:168) ~[spring-context-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
... 12 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletContext
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_131]
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701) ~ [na:1.8.0_131]
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1975) ~[na:1.8.0_131]
at org.springframework.core.type.StandardAnnotationMetadata.getAnnotatedMethods(Stand ardAnnotationMetadata.java:152) ~[spring-core-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar:4.2.6.RELEASE]
... 16 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletContext
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381) ~[na:1.8.0_131]
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424) ~[na:1.8.0_131]
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:335) ~ [na:1.8.0_131]
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357) ~[na:1.8.0_131]
... 20 common frames omitted
2017-07-23 10:13:07.502 INFO 1937 --- [ main] .b.l.ClasspathLoggingApplicationListener : Application failed to start with classpath: [file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/charsets.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/deploy.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/ cldrdata.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/dnsns.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/jaccess.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/jfxrt.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/localedata.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/nashorn.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/sunec.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/sunjce_provider.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/sunpkcs11.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext/zipfs.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/javaws.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jce.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jfr.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jfxswt.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/jsse.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/management-agent.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/plugin.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/resources.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/ant-javafx.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/dt.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/javafx-mx.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/jconsole.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/packager.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/sa-jdi.jar, file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_131.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/tools.jar, file:/Users/boris/Java/samplemvc/target/classes/, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-web/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-web-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-autoconfigure/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-logging/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-logging-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.1.7/logback-classic-1.1.7.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-core/1.1.7/logback-core-1.1.7.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-api/1.7.21/slf4j-api-1.7.21.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/jcl-over-slf4j/1.7.21/jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.21.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/jul-to-slf4j/1.7.21/jul-to-slf4j-1.7.21.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/log4j-over-slf4j/1.7.21/log4j-over-slf4j-1.7.21.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-core/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-core-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/yaml/snakeyaml/1.16/snakeyaml-1.16.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-validation/1.3.5.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-validation-1.3.5.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/hibernate/hibernate-validator/5.2.4.Final/hibernate-validator-5.2.4.Final.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/javax/validation/validation-api/1.1.0.Final/validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/jboss/logging/jboss-logging/3.3.0.Final/jboss-logging-3.3.0.Final.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/classmate/1.1.0/classmate-1.1.0.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-databind/2.6.6/jackson-databind-2.6.6.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-annotations/2.6.6/jackson-annotations-2.6.6.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-core/2.6.6/jackson-core-2.6.6.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-web/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-web-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-aop/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-aop-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/aopalliance/aopalliance/1.0/aopalliance-1.0.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-beans/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-beans-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-context/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-context-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-webmvc/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-webmvc-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-expression/4.2.6.RELEASE/spring-expression-4.2.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-el/8.0.33/tomcat-embed-el-8.0.33.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/com/google/code/gson/gson/2.6.2/gson-2.6.2.jar, file:/Users/boris/.m2/repository/commons-io/commons-io/2.5/commons-io-2.5.jar, file:/Applications/IntelliJ%20IDEA%20CE.app/Contents/lib/idea_rt.jar]
Process finished with exit code 1
推荐答案
从堆栈跟踪中可以很明显地看出问题是java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletContext表示该类不在CLASSPATH中，而该CLASSPATH存在于Tomcat罐子中，该罐子是spring-boot-starter-tomcat依赖项.
From the stack trace it's clear that the problem is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletContext means the class is not in the CLASSPATH, which is present in the tomcat jars which is part of spring-boot-starter-tomcat dependencies.
因此，要使其与Spring Boot独立war/fat jar一起使用，spring-boot-starter-tomcat依赖项应在compile范围内.
So to make it work with spring boot standalone war/fat jar the spring-boot-starter-tomcat dependency should be in compile scope.
但是，如果要部署到类似tomcat的Java容器中，它将在容器本身中包含servlet类，因此可以将spring-boot-starter-tomcat保留在提供的范围内.
But if you want to deploy in to a java container like tomcat which will have the servlet classes in the container itself so you have keep the spring-boot-starter-tomcat in provided scope.
处理的最佳方法是创建两个Maven配置文件，并在其中一个将spring-boot-starter-tomcat保留在编译范围内，在另一个概要文件中保留在提供的范围内.
The best way to handle is create two maven profiles and in one keep the spring-boot-starter-tomcat in compile scope and in another profile in provided scope.
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