std :: string运算符+()内存泄漏? [英] std::string operator+() memory leak?

问题描述

我很担心，因为我写了一个小应用程序，而且如果我相信valgrind(我的实际工作)，似乎存在内存泄漏:

==9321== 251 bytes in 7 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1 of 1
==9321==    at 0x402569A: operator new(unsigned int) (vg_replace_malloc.c:255)
==9321==    by 0x40D3D05: std::string::_Rep::_S_create(unsigned int, unsigned int, std::allocator<char> const&) (in /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.13)
==9321==    by 0x40D4977: std::string::_Rep::_M_clone(std::allocator<char> const&, unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.13)
==9321==    by 0x40D57AC: std::string::reserve(unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.13)
==9321==    by 0x40D5EE6: std::string::operator+=(char) (in /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.13)
==9321==    by 0x804E113: xl2::TextParser::getNextLfLine() (TextParser.cpp:162)
==9321==    by 0x804BFD5: xl2::UsbTree::parseStringInfo(xl2::TextParser&, std::string&, std::string&) (UsbTree.cpp:362)
==9321==    by 0x804B881: xl2::UsbTree::parseDevicesFile(std::string) (UsbTree.cpp:204)
==9321==    by 0x804B34E: xl2::UsbTree::updateTree() (UsbTree.cpp:70)
==9321==    by 0x804E2E4: scan(std::string) (testUsbTree.cpp:75)
==9321==    by 0x804E6CC: executeCommand(std::string) (testUsbTree.cpp:132)
==9321==    by 0x804E8F6: hushLoop() (testUsbTree.cpp:153)

这是有问题的功能:

/**
 * Returns the next line separated by UNIX style LF
 * @return The next line separated by UNIX style LF
 */
std::string TextParser::getNextLfLine()
{
    std::string line;   // The builded line

    while(this->hasMoreToken())
    {
        line += this->m_pText[this->m_iTokenLocation++];

        // Check if we have just seen a CR/LF character
        if(this->m_pText[this->m_iTokenLocation - 1] == '\n')
            return line;
    }

    return line;
}

通过退出主功能(不调用exit())，程序可以正确终止.

我只是不明白为什么会有内存泄漏.当我的字符串被复制到堆栈中时，应该在离开该函数时清除原始字符串，对吗?还是误差可能更高?在顶层，我还将返回值分配给局部变量，然后将该变量作为字段放入对象(通过复制)...

所以我想知道泄漏是来自标准库还是valgrind，这真的令人惊讶！

强烈建议使用任何指向未泄漏内存的指针:-p！

解决方案

引用 Valgrind常见问题解答

对于GCC 2.91、2.95、3.0和3.1，请使用带有-D__USE_MALLOC的STL编译所有源.谨防！从3.3版开始，它已从GCC中删除.

对于GCC 3.2.2和更高版本，您应该在运行程序之前导出环境变量GLIBCPP_FORCE_NEW.

在GCC 3.4和更高版本中，该变量已将名称更改为GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW.

也在 GCC常见问题解答

I'm quite worry because I wrote a little application and it seems that there is a memory leak if I believe valgrind (What I actually do):

==9321== 251 bytes in 7 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 1 of 1
==9321==    at 0x402569A: operator new(unsigned int) (vg_replace_malloc.c:255)
==9321==    by 0x40D3D05: std::string::_Rep::_S_create(unsigned int, unsigned int, std::allocator<char> const&) (in /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.13)
==9321==    by 0x40D4977: std::string::_Rep::_M_clone(std::allocator<char> const&, unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.13)
==9321==    by 0x40D57AC: std::string::reserve(unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.13)
==9321==    by 0x40D5EE6: std::string::operator+=(char) (in /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6.0.13)
==9321==    by 0x804E113: xl2::TextParser::getNextLfLine() (TextParser.cpp:162)
==9321==    by 0x804BFD5: xl2::UsbTree::parseStringInfo(xl2::TextParser&, std::string&, std::string&) (UsbTree.cpp:362)
==9321==    by 0x804B881: xl2::UsbTree::parseDevicesFile(std::string) (UsbTree.cpp:204)
==9321==    by 0x804B34E: xl2::UsbTree::updateTree() (UsbTree.cpp:70)
==9321==    by 0x804E2E4: scan(std::string) (testUsbTree.cpp:75)
==9321==    by 0x804E6CC: executeCommand(std::string) (testUsbTree.cpp:132)
==9321==    by 0x804E8F6: hushLoop() (testUsbTree.cpp:153)

Here is the function in question :

/**
 * Returns the next line separated by UNIX style LF
 * @return The next line separated by UNIX style LF
 */
std::string TextParser::getNextLfLine()
{
    std::string line;   // The builded line

    while(this->hasMoreToken())
    {
        line += this->m_pText[this->m_iTokenLocation++];

        // Check if we have just seen a CR/LF character
        if(this->m_pText[this->m_iTokenLocation - 1] == '\n')
            return line;
    }

    return line;
}

The programm terminates correctly by leaving the main funciton (no call to exit()).

I just don't understand why there is a memory leak. As my string is copied in the stack and the original string is supposed to be cleaned when the function is left, right? Or the error could be higher? At top level I also assign the returned value to a local variable that is then put as field into an object (by copy) ...

So I was wondering if the leak comes from the standard library or valgrind what would be really surprising!

Any pointers to not leaked memory is strongly appreciated :-p!

解决方案

To quote Valgrind FAQ

With GCC 2.91, 2.95, 3.0 and 3.1, compile all source using the STL with -D__USE_MALLOC. Beware! This was removed from GCC starting with version 3.3.

With GCC 3.2.2 and later, you should export the environment variable GLIBCPP_FORCE_NEW before running your program.

With GCC 3.4 and later, that variable has changed name to GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW.

Also discussed in GCC FAQ

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