Ruby-使用class_eval定义方法 [英] Ruby - Using class_eval to define methods

问题描述

我正在上斯坦福大学的SaaS课，尝试做第5部分

I'm doing the SaaS Stanford class, trying to do Part 5 of this assignment

我很难理解这个概念，这就是我试图做的:

I'm having a really hard time grasping this concept, this is what I've attempted to do:

class Class
  def attr_accessor_with_history(attr_name)
    attr_name = attr_name.to_s
    attr_reader attr_name
    attr_reader attr_name + '_history'
    class_eval %Q'{def #{attr_name}(a);#{attr_name}_history.push(a) ; end;}'
  end
end

我可能做错了很多事情，请阅读有关元编程的Ruby Book一章，但我仍然不明白，有人可以帮助我理解这一点吗?

I'm probably doing all sorts of things wrong, read The Book Of Ruby chapter on metaprogramming and I still don't get it, can someone help me comprehend this?

推荐答案

这很有趣！

class Class
    def attr_accessor_with_history(attr_name)
        attr_name = attr_name.to_s # make sure it's a string
        attr_reader attr_name
        attr_reader attr_name+"_history"
        class_eval %Q"
            def #{attr_name}=(value)
                if !defined? @#{attr_name}_history
                    @#{attr_name}_history = [@#{attr_name}]
                end
                @#{attr_name} = value
                @#{attr_name}_history << value
            end
        "
    end
end

class Foo
    attr_accessor_with_history :bar
end

class Foo2
    attr_accessor_with_history :bar
    def initialize()
        @bar = 'init'
    end
end

f = Foo.new
f.bar = 1
f.bar = nil
f.bar = '2'
f.bar = [1,nil,'2',:three]
f.bar = :three
puts "First bar:", f.bar.inspect, f.bar_history.inspect
puts "Correct?", f.bar_history == [f.class.new.bar, 1, nil, '2', [1,nil,'2',:three], :three] ? "yes" : "no"
old_bar_history = f.bar_history.inspect

f2 = Foo2.new
f2.bar = 'baz'
f2.bar = f2
puts "\nSecond bar:", f2.bar.inspect, f2.bar_history.inspect
puts "Correct?", f2.bar_history == [f2.class.new.bar, 'baz', f2] ? "yes" : "no"

puts "\nIs the old f.bar intact?", f.bar_history.inspect == old_bar_history ? "yes" : "no"

请注意，您需要在class_eval中使用字符串的唯一原因是，以便在定义自定义设置程序时可以引用attr_name的 value .否则，通常会将一个块传递给class_eval.

Note that the only reason you need to use strings with class_eval is so that you can refer to the value of attr_name when defining the custom setter. Otherwise one would normally pass a block to class_eval.

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