Mongodb嵌套数组搜索 [英] Mongodb nested array search

问题描述

文档结构示例为:

{
   "dob": "12-13-2001",
   "name": "Kam",

   "visits": {
     "0": {
       "service_date": "12-5-2011",
       "payment": "40",
       "chk_number": "1234455",  
    },
     "1": {
       "service_date": "12-15-2011",
       "payment": "45",
       "chk_number": "3461234",  
    },
     "2": {
       "service_date": "12-25-2011",
       "payment": "25",
       "chk_number": "9821234",  
    } 
  } 
}


{
   "dob": "10-01-1998",
   "name": "Sam",

   "visits": {
     "0": {
       "service_date": "12-5-2011",
       "payment": "30",
       "chk_number": "86786464",  
    },
     "1": {
       "service_date": "12-15-2011",
       "payment": "35",
       "chk_number": "45643461234",  
    },
     "2": {
       "service_date": "12-25-2011",
       "payment": "20",
       "chk_number": "4569821234",  
    } 
  } 
}

在PHP中，我想列出所有付款少于"30"的访问"信息(和相应的名称").

In PHP i want to list all those "visits" information (and corresponding "name" ) for which payment is less than "30".

我只想打印付款"< "30"不是别人.这样的查询是否可行，还是我必须先使用搜索获取整个文档，然后使用PHP选择此类访问??

I want to print only the visits with "payment" < "30" not others. Is such query possible, or do i have to get entire document first using search and then use PHP to select such visits??

推荐答案

在示例文档中，"payment"值作为字符串给出，可能无法与$ lt命令一起使用.对于此响应，我已将它们转换为整数.

In the example document, the "payment" values are given as strings which may not work as intended with the $lt command. For this response, I have converted them to integers.

MongoDB无法进行通配符查询，因此对于给定的文档结构，必须知道子文档的键(0、1,2等).例如，以下查询将起作用:

Wildcard queries are not possible with MongoDB, so with the given document structure, the key (0,1,2, etcetera) of the sub-document must be known. For instance, the following query will work:

> db.test.find({"visits.2.payment":{$lt:35}})

但是

> db.test.find({"visits.payment":{$lt:35}})

在这种情况下将不起作用，并且

Will not work in this case, and

> db.test.find({"visits.*.payment":{$lt:35}})

也不会返回任何结果.

will also not return any results.

为了能够查询嵌入的访问"文档，必须更改文档结构并将访问"设置成数组或嵌入文档，如下所示:

In order to be able to query the embedded "visits" documents, you must change your document structure and make "visits" into an array or embedded documents, like so:

> db.test2.find().pretty()
{
    "_id" : ObjectId("4f16199d3563af4cb141c547"),
    "dob" : "10-01-1998",
    "name" : "Sam",
    "visits" : [
        {
            "service_date" : "12-5-2011",
            "payment" : 30,
            "chk_number" : "86786464"
        },
        {
            "service_date" : "12-15-2011",
            "payment" : 35,
            "chk_number" : "45643461234"
        },
        {
            "service_date" : "12-25-2011",
            "payment" : 20,
            "chk_number" : "4569821234"
        }
    ]
}

现在您可以在访问"中查询所有嵌入式文档:

Now you can query all of the embedded documents in "visits":

> db.test2.find({"visits.payment":{$lt:35}})

有关更多信息，请参阅有关点表示法的Mongo文档:

For more information, please refer to the Mongo documentation on dot notation:

http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/Dot +符号+％28Reaching + into + Objects％29

现在进入问题的第二部分:不可能仅返回嵌入式文档的条件子集.

Now on to the second part of your question: it is not possible to return only a conditional sub-set of embedded documents.

使用任何一种文档格式，都不可能返回仅包含与查询匹配的子文档的文档.如果子文档之一与查询匹配，则整个文档与查询匹配，它将被返回.

With either document format, it is not possible to return a document containing ONLY the sub-documents that match the query. If one of the sub-documents matches the query , then the entire document matches the query, and it will be returned.

根据Mongo文档检索字段的子集"

As per the Mongo Document "Retrieving a subset of fields"

http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/Retrieving+a +字段的子集+

我们可以像这样返回嵌入式文档的一部分:

We can return parts of embedded documents like so:

> db.test2.find({"visits.payment":{$lt:35}},{"visits.service_date":1}).pretty()
{
    "_id" : ObjectId("4f16199d3563af4cb141c547"),
    "visits" : [
        {
            "service_date" : "12-5-2011"
        },
        {
            "service_date" : "12-15-2011"
        },
        {
            "service_date" : "12-25-2011"
        }
    ]
}

但是我们不能有条件地检索某些子文档.我们可以获取的最接近的是$ slice运算符，但这不是有条件的，您必须首先知道数组中每个子文档的位置:

But we cannot have conditional retrieval of some sub documents. The closest that we can get is the $slice operator, but this is not conditional, and you will have to first know the location of each sub-document in the array:

http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS /Retrieving + a + Subset + of + Fields#RetrievingaSubsetofFields-RetrievingaSubrangeofArrayElements

为了使应用程序仅显示与查询匹配的嵌入式文档，必须以编程方式完成.

In order for the application to display only the embedded documents that match the query, it will have to be done programmatically.

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