Docker-Compose:如何将卷从主机映射到容器? [英] Docker-Compose: how to mapping volume from host into container?

问题描述

我想使用docker-compose与特定容器共享docker主机上的文件夹.运行MongoDB的容器应将其数据文件放入/var/lib/mongodb，但此文件夹应为主机文件夹/var/lib/mongodb的安装.

I'd like to share a folder from the docker host with a specific container using docker-compose. A container running MongoDB shall place its data files into /var/lib/mongodb, but this folder shall be a mount to the hosts folder /var/lib/mongodb.

但是它仍然是容器内自己的本地目录，而不是主机上的共享目录.

But it still remains an own local directory within the container, not the shared one from the host.

有时它还会出现以下警告:

Sometimes it also ends up with the following warning:

警告:服务"mongodb"正在使用来自以下位置的卷"/var/lib/mongodb": 先前的容器.主机映射"name_dbvolume"无效. 删除现有容器(使用docker-compose rm mongodb)以 使用主机卷映射.

WARNING: Service "mongodb" is using volume "/var/lib/mongodb" from the previous container. Host mapping "name_dbvolume" has no effect. Remove the existing containers (with docker-compose rm mongodb) to use the host volume mapping.

docker-compose.yml

version: '2'
services:
  loopback:
    build: .
    expose:
      - "80"
      - "443"
      - "28015"
      - "29015"
    ports:
      - 3000:3000
    links:
      - mongodb
    environment:
      VIRTUAL_HOST: api.xxxxxx.com
      VIRTUAL_PORT: 3000
      LETSENCRYPT_EMAIL: [e-mail]
      LETSENCRYPT_HOST: api.xxxxx.com
  mongodb:
    build: ./MongoDB
    ports:
      - "27017:27017"
      - "27018:27018"
      - "27019:27019"
      - "28017:28017"
    volumes:
        - dbvolume:/var/lib/mongodb
volumes:
    dbvolume:

用于MongoDB容器的Dockerfile:

FROM mongo:latest

RUN  mkdir -p /var/lib/mongodb && \
     touch /var/lib/mongodb/.keep && \
     chown -R mongodb:mongodb /var/lib/mongodb


ADD mongodb.conf /etc/mongodb.conf

VOLUME [ "/var/lib/mongodb" ]

# EXPOSE 27017

USER mongodb
WORKDIR /var/lib/mongodb

ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/bin/mongod", "--config", "/etc/mongodb.conf"]
CMD ["--quiet"]

mongodb容器配置为MongoDB使用/var/lib/mongodb作为数据目录.通过以下命令，我们尝试从主机使用此文件夹:

The mongodb-container is configured that MongoDB uses /var/lib/mongodb as data directory. With the following command we try to use this folder from the host:

VOLUME ["/var/lib/mongodb"]

VOLUME [ "/var/lib/mongodb" ]

我在这里错了什么?

推荐答案

您的撰写配置会设置名为dbvolume

Your compose config sets up a named data volume called dbvolume

默认情况下，已命名的卷将存储在/var/lib/docker中:

A named volume will be stored in /var/lib/docker by default:

→ docker volume inspect dbvolume
[
    {
        "Driver": "local",
        "Labels": null,
        "Mountpoint": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/dbvolume/_data",
        "Name": "dbvolume",
        "Options": {},
        "Scope": "local"
    }
]

安装主机目录作为卷在撰写文件中略有不同.

Mounting a host directory as a volume is slightly different in a compose file.

    volumes:
      - /var/lib/mongodb:/var/lib/mongodb

源仍然在左侧，但是您指定完整路径而不是名称.

The source is still on the left, but you specify the full path instead of a name.

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