在C#中异步运行任务 [英] Run task asynchronously in C#

问题描述

我在WinForms应用程序中运行一些繁重的任务.问题是，它在运行时会冻结UI(UI主线程).

I have some process heavy tasks that run in my WinForms app. The problem is, while its running, it freeze the UI (UI main thread).

我在C#中对线程和委托的工作还不多，这就是为什么我希望有人可以帮助我，如何处理那些繁重的任务而不冻结UI，因此用户不认为应用程序在等待时崩溃了?

I haven't worked that much with threads and delegates in C# yet, and that's why I hope someone could help me to, how to handle those process heavy tasks, without freezing the UI, so the user don't think the app is crashing while waiting?

例如.我通过FrontController打了一个电话，这很花时间:

Eg. I have a call through my FrontController, that takes time:

_controller.testExportExcel(wrapper, saveDialog.FileName);

因为它正在创建Excel文件.在应用程序正常工作时，我不会在UI上进行响应.

Since it's creating an Excel file. I won't the app to be responding on the UI while its working.

另一个处理繁重任务的示例可能是:

Another example of a process heavy task could be this:

private void dataGridView_liste_DataBindingComplete(object sender, DataGridViewBindingCompleteEventArgs e)
{
  if (e.ListChangedType != ListChangedType.ItemDeleted)
  {
     foreach (DataGridViewRow r in dataGridView_liste.Rows)
     {
       DataGridViewCellStyle red = dataGridView_liste.DefaultCellStyle.Clone();
       red.BackColor = Color.LightGreen;
       if (r.Cells["News"].Value != null && (bool)r.Cells["News"].Value == true)
         r.DefaultCellStyle = red;
     }
  }
}

foreach循环需要时间，并冻结UI.我认为，运行该进程并在完成时自动关闭的异步线程可能很有用.但是它是如何工作的呢?

Where the foreach loop takes time, and freeze the UI. An async thread running the process and automatically closing when its done, could be useful I think. But how does it work??

推荐答案

如何使用

How about using a Task (if targetting .net 4)? This is considered as a replacement of the BackgroundWorker class since it supports nesting (parent/child tasks), task continuations, etc.

例如

    private void dataGridView_liste_DataBindingComplete(object sender,
      DataGridViewBindingCompleteEventArgs e)  
    {
        Task t = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
        {
            // do your processing here - remember to call Invoke or BeginInvoke if
            // calling a UI object.
        });
        t.ContinueWith((Success) =>
        {
            // callback when task is complete.
        }, TaskContinuationOptions.NotOnFaulted);
        t.ContinueWith((Fail) =>
        {
            //log the exception i.e.: Fail.Exception.InnerException);
        }, TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnFaulted);

    }

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