了解嵌套结构 [英] Understanding Nested Structures

问题描述

我目前正在研究需要嵌套结构的程序.虽然，我不确定我是否理解.如果有人可以的话，我想请您帮忙.学习C ++的第一周，所以不要给我辛苦的时间:P

I'm currently working on a program that requires a nested structure. Though, I am not sure I understand it. I'd like your help with this if anyone could. First week learning C++ so don't give me a hard time :P

我应该创建一个包含两个字符串成员(第一和最后一个)的Person结构.创建一个包含四个字符串成员(街道，城市，州和邮政编码)的地址结构.并创建一个嵌套结构Employee，它由三个成员组成.个人会员 名为name，一个名为homeAddress的地址成员，以及一个名为eid的int成员.

I'm supposed create a Person structure containing two string members, first and last. Create an Address structure containing four string members, street, city, state, and zipcode. And also create a nested structure, Employee, that consists of three members. A Person member named name, an Address member named homeAddress and an int member named eid.

我认为我已经正确完成了大多数操作，但是由于某种原因，我的地址homeAddress下不允许输入不完整的类型.另外，当它说创建嵌套结构"Employee"时，是否意味着我必须在某个地方声明Employee?

I think I've done most of it correctly, but I am getting an incomplete type is not allowed under my Address homeAddress for some reason. Also, when it says create a nested structure "Employee" does that mean I have to declare Employee somewhere?

这是我到目前为止所拥有的，谢谢.

Here is what I have so far, thanks in advance.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

struct Person {
    string first;
    string last;
};

struct Address {
    string street;
    string city;
    string state;
    string zipcode;

    Person name;
    Address homeAddress;
    int eid;
};

推荐答案

您的代码即将完成.应该是:

Your code was almost complete. It should be:

struct Person {
  string first;
  string last;
};

struct Address {
  string street;
  string city;
  string state;
  string zipcode;
};

struct Employee {
  Person name;
  Address homeAddress;
  int eid;
};

现在这里的误称是嵌套也可能暗示可见性或范围.因此，如果您想在Employee中定义结构Address和Person，则如下所示:

Now the misnomer here is that nested can also imply visibility or scope. Hence, if you wanted to define the structure Address and Person within Employee, it would look like this:

struct Employee {
  struct Address {
    //..
  };
  struct Employee {
    //..
  };
  Person name;
  Address homeAddress;
  int eid;
};

这样，您就可以使Person和Address的范围仅与Employee的范围相同.

That way, you make the scope of Person and Address native to that of Employee alone.

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