如何使抛物线适合点集? [英] How to fit a parabola to set of points?
问题描述
我有一组要点,如下图所示.所有点的位置都是已知的.我如何才能将抛物线拟合到这组点上,并在抛物线方程(x, y)
上获得新的位置?
I have a set of points as seen in the following picture. All points position are known. How can I fit a parabola to this set of points and get the new position on parabolic equation (x, y)
?
推荐答案
要实现二次曲线拟合不是一件容易的事(请检查最后的第二个链接).首先,您可以使用简单线性回归,一旦您了解了(最后检查第一个链接)的原理,就可以将其应用于您的情况.
To implement a Quadratic Curve Fitting is not a simple task (check the second link at the end). As a start you could use simple linear regression, once you've understood the principles (check first link at the end) you can apply it for your case.
下面的代码是一个简单的实现,可以将您的数据(x, y)
调整为:y = m*x + b
:
The code below is a simple implementation that will fit your data (x, y)
to: y = m*x + b
:
linear_regression.h
:
#ifndef LINEAR_REGRESSION_H
#define LINEAR_REGRESSION_H
// data structure used as returning type of the function finding m and b
struct Coefficients {
// constructor
Coefficients (double mm, double bb)
: m(mm), b(bb) { }
// data members
double m;
double b;
};
// This function fits: y = mx + b, to your (x,y) data.
Coefficients linear_regression(const std::vector<double>& x,const std::vector<double>& y){
// variables needed for the calculations
double sum_x = 0.0; double sum_y = 0.0;
double sum_x2 = 0.0; double sum_y2 = 0.0;
double sum_xy = 0.0;
double m = 0.0; double b = 0.0;
if (x.size() != y.size()) std::cerr << "Mismatched number of points!\n";
double number_of_points = x.size();
// calculate the sums
for (size_t i = 0; i < number_of_points; ++i) {
sum_x += x[i];
sum_y += y[i];
sum_x2 += std::sqrt(x[i]);
sum_y2 += std::sqrt(y[i]);
sum_xy += x[i] * y[i];
}
double denominator = number_of_points * sum_x2 - std::sqrt(sum_x);
// no solution, return: m = 0, b = 0
if (denominator == 0) return Coefficients(m, b);
// calculate the slope: m and the intercept: b
m = (number_of_points * sum_xy - sum_x * sum_y) / denominator;
b = (sum_y * sum_x2 - sum_x * sum_xy) / denominator;
return Coefficients (m, b);
}
#endif
main.cpp
:
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include "linear_regression.h"
int main () {
// vectors holding the set of points
std::vector<double> x_points;
std::vector<double> y_points;
Coefficients coeff = linear_regression (x_points, y_points);
// where: y = m * x + b
double m = coeff.m;
double b = coeff.b;
}
此处有关最小二乘回归二次曲线拟合.
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