如何从包含.Net Core中的私钥/公钥的PEM文件中导入PKCS1密钥 [英] How to import PKCS1 keys from a PEM file containing Private / Public keys in .Net Core

问题描述

我正在尝试使用.Net Core从PEM文件中加载私钥和公钥. 我的代码如下:

I am trying to load the Private and Public keys from a PEM file using .Net Core. My code looks like this:

var localPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location);
var path = Path.Combine(localPath, this._configManager.JwtPem);
var rsaCryptoServiceProvider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();

var linesList = File.ReadAllLines(path).ToList();
var line = string.Concat(linesList.GetRange(1, linesList.Count - 2));

rsaCryptoServiceProvider.ImportCspBlob(Convert.FromBase64String(line));

我得到的例外是:

Internal.Cryptography.CryptoThrowHelper+WindowsCryptographicException : Bad Version of provider
   at Internal.NativeCrypto.CapiHelper.ImportKeyBlob(SafeProvHandle saveProvHandle, CspProviderFlags flags, Boolean addNoSaltFlag, Byte[] keyBlob, SafeKeyHandle& safeKeyHandle)
   at System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider.ImportCspBlob(Byte[] keyBlob)
   at StepNexusCA.ServiceLayer.Authorization.TokenService.GenerateToken(List`1 claims)

包含我的开发专用/公共密钥的PKCS1格式的PEM文件在这里:

The PEM file containing the PKCS1 format of my development Private/Public keys is here:

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

为什么不能使用ImportCspBlob(...)导入密钥?我没有在网上找到太多有关该异常的信息，但是我的代码在哪里呢?我知道BouncyCastle，但是我正在尝试使用.Net Core进行本地操作.

Why can't I import the key using ImportCspBlob(...)? I have not found much info online regarding the exception but where is my code wrong? I am aware of BouncyCastle but I am trying to do this natively using .Net Core.

推荐答案

ImportCspBlob的格式是ExportCspBlob中的格式，这是

The format for ImportCspBlob is the format from ExportCspBlob, which is the PRIVATEKEY blob format required by CryptImportKey. Since .NET just transparently passes that on to Windows CAPI, the ImportCspBlob method throws on non-Windows platforms.

我过去给出的另一个用于导入私钥(包括PKCS#1 RSAPrivateKey)的答案是一个元答案，其中包括一些使工作正常的链接:

Another answer that I've given in the past for importing private keys (including PKCS#1 RSAPrivateKey) is a bit of a meta-answer, which includes links to just get things working: Digital signature in c# without using BouncyCastle.

.NET Core 3.0的每日内部版本具有内置功能.大多. PEM格式在实践中很容易，但是在规范中有些烦人，因此这些方法将其留给调用者来取消PEM"数据...对于不带属性的单值有效负载进行默认格式化(例如您可以在示例中进行操作)，可以通过以下方式每天进行构建:

.NET Core 3.0's daily builds have the functionality built-in. Mostly. The PEM format is easy in practice, but somewhat annoying in the spec, so the methods leave it up to the caller to "un-PEM" the data... for the default formatting on a single-value payload with no attributes (like you have in your example) you can do it with daily builds via

private static RSA ReadKeyFromFile(string filename)
{
    string pemContents = System.IO.File.ReadAllText(filename);
    const string RsaPrivateKeyHeader = "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----";
    const string RsaPrivateKeyFooter = "-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----";

    if (pemContents.StartsWith(RsaPrivateKeyHeader))
    {
        int endIdx = pemContents.IndexOf(
            RsaPrivateKeyFooter,
            RsaPrivateKeyHeader.Length,
            StringComparison.Ordinal);

        string base64 = pemContents.Substring(
            RsaPrivateKeyHeader.Length,
            endIdx - RsaPrivateKeyHeader.Length);

        byte[] der = Convert.FromBase64String(base64);
        RSA rsa = RSA.Create();
        rsa.ImportRSAPrivateKey(der, out _);
        return rsa;
    }

    // "BEGIN PRIVATE KEY" (ImportPkcs8PrivateKey),
    // "BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY" (ImportEncryptedPkcs8PrivateKey),
    // "BEGIN PUBLIC KEY" (ImportSubjectPublicKeyInfo),
    // "BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY" (ImportRSAPublicKey)
    // could any/all be handled here.
    throw new InvalidOperationException();
}

.NET Core SDK的每日构建可以从 https:获得: //github.com/dotnet/core-sdk/#installers-and-binaries

Daily builds of the .NET Core SDK can be obtained from https://github.com/dotnet/core-sdk/#installers-and-binaries

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