在python中解析具有多个根元素的xml文件 [英] Parse a xml file with multiple root element in python

问题描述

我有一个xml文件，我需要从文件中获取一些标签以供某些使用，这些标签的数据如下:

i have a xml file, and i need to fetch some of the tags from it for some use, which have data like:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank>1</rank>
        <year>2008</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>
        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Singapore">
        <rank>4</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Panama">
        <rank>68</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
    </country>
</data>
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein1">
        <rank>1</rank>
        <year>2008</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Austria1" direction="E"/>
        <neighbor name="Switzerland1" direction="W"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Singapore">
        <rank>4</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Malaysia1" direction="N"/>
    </country>
    <country name="Panama">
        <rank>68</rank>
        <year>2011</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
    </country>
</data>

我需要解析这个，所以我用了:

i need to parse this, so i used:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse("myfile.xml")
root = tree.getroot()

此代码在第2行给出了错误:xml.etree.ElementTree.ParseError: junk after document element:

this code giving error at line 2: xml.etree.ElementTree.ParseError: junk after document element:

我认为这是因为多个xml标记，您有什么主意，我应该如何解析它?

i think this is because multiple xml tags, do you have any idea, how should i parse this?

推荐答案

如果需要，此代码可为一种方法填写详细信息.

This code fills in details for one approach, if you want them.

代码将监视'accumulated_xml，直到遇到另一个xml文档的开头或文件的结尾.当它具有完整的xml文档时，它将调用display来行使lxml库来解析文档并报告一些内容.

The code watches for 'accumulated_xml until it encounters the beginning of another xml document or the end of the file. When it has a complete xml document it calls display to exercise the lxml library to parse the document and report some of the contents.

>>> from lxml import etree
>>> def display(alist):
...     tree = etree.fromstring(''.join(alist))
...     for country in tree.xpath('.//country'):
...         print(country.attrib['name'], country.find('rank').text, country.find('year').text)
...         print([neighbour.attrib['name'] for neighbour in country.xpath('neighbor')])
... 
>>> accumulated_xml = []
>>> with open('temp.xml') as temp:
...     while True:
...         line = temp.readline()
...         if line:
...             if line.startswith('<?xml'):
...                 if accumulated_xml:
...                     display (accumulated_xml)
...                     accumulated_xml = []
...             else:
...                 accumulated_xml.append(line.strip())
...         else:
...             display (accumulated_xml)
...             break
... 
Liechtenstein 1 2008
['Austria', 'Switzerland']
Singapore 4 2011
['Malaysia']
Panama 68 2011
['Costa Rica', 'Colombia']
Liechtenstein1 1 2008
['Austria1', 'Switzerland1']
Singapore 4 2011
['Malaysia1']
Panama 68 2011
['Costa Rica', 'Colombia']

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